Merge main for Calculation PR

[kungfooman]

Hey @skeate, this is the first draft to bring your PR closer to HEAD again.

I invested most time into src/compiler/checker.ts and I stumbled over three issues I'm not certain about:

    function getTypeAliasInstantiation(symbol: Symbol, typeArguments: readonly Type[] | undefined, aliasSymbol?: Symbol, aliasTypeArguments?: readonly Type[]): Type {
        const type = getDeclaredTypeOfSymbol(symbol);
        if (type === intrinsicMarkerType && typeArguments) {
            const typeKind = intrinsicTypeKinds.get(symbol.escapedName as string);
            if (typeKind !== undefined && typeArguments.length === 1) {
                return typeKind === IntrinsicTypeKind.NoInfer ? getNoInferType(typeArguments[0]) : getIntrinsicMappingType(symbol, typeArguments[0]);
            }   
            if (typeKind !== undefined && typeArguments.length === 2) {
                return getIntrinsicMappingType2(symbol, typeArguments[0], typeArguments[1]);
            }
        }

In TypeScript HEAD they introduced the typeKind === IntrinsicTypeKind.NoInfer condition during my debugging I couldn't even figure out what its used for, I just reintegrated it into the case of typeArguments.length === 1 - maybe the case for two arguments should also contain it?

2. I just merged the unit tests, but didn't do anything besides npx hereby local... probably needs more work

3. (todo ... I will just send now, because I don't know if GitHub even handles more than 2k commits, it just loads indefinitely lol)

[kungfooman]

If you would risk to merge, It would be easier to make further PR's and discussions about the NoInfer question etc.

https://www.totaltypescript.com/noinfer

[kungfooman]

Another merge conflict again, they just reserved the last TypeFlag bit some days ago before it turns negative (1 << 31).toString(2)... didn't test yet if it still works out:

microsoft#58610

Edit: just tested, still works with bit 31.

[skeate]

Thank you!