Benchmarks 2024 02 11 TFLM LLVM

Setup

Simulator

• Spike (riscv-isa-sim ) (ISS, CPI=1)

Toolchains

• LLVM/Clang:
  • TODO: Version
  • Linker: lld (TODO)
  • RISC-V GCC for Headers, libc,...

Models

• MLPerfTiny Benchmark

• TODO: others!

Package Versions

• MLonMCU : main

• TFLM : a549448bb234cf3fed15ad5dabf83d06f82326ce

• Spike : 0bc176b3fca43560b9e8586cdbc41cfde073e17a

• Spike PK : 7e9b671c0415dfd7b562ac934feb9380075d4aa2

Miscellaneous

• Used -Os flag for compilation.
• Benchmarks generated using MLonMCU deployment tool with minimal efforts.
• Memory metrics are reported in Bytes

Results (Framework: tflm, Backend: tflmi, Toolchain: llvm)

Audio Wake Words (aww)

Cycles (Speedup)	Total ROM (rel.)	Total RAM (rel.)	VLEN	Kernels	Mode	Arch	Auto-Vectorization
43849979 ( 0.4x )	146710 ( 0.863 )	36124 ( 1.0 )	0	TFLM	Reference	RV32GC	-
34194781 ( 0.5x )	152484 ( 0.897 )	36132 ( 1.0 )	128	TFLM	Reference	RV32GCV	Loop+SLP
31057605 ( 0.5x )	152484 ( 0.897 )	36132 ( 1.0 )	1024	TFLM	Reference	RV32GCV	Loop+SLP
15555116 ( Base )	169970 ( Base )	36124 ( Base )	0	muRISCV-NN	Scalar	RV32GC	-
6141153 ( 2.5x )	181156 ( 1.066 )	36132 ( 1.0 )	128	muRISCV-NN	Scalar	RV32GCV	Loop+SLP
4318114 ( 3.6x )	181156 ( 1.066 )	36132 ( 1.0 )	1024	muRISCV-NN	Scalar	RV32GCV	Loop+SLP
6656543 ( 2.3x )	169584 ( 0.998 )	36124 ( 1.0 )	128	muRISCV-NN	Vector	RV32GCV	-
2530451 ( 6.1x )	169584 ( 0.998 )	36124 ( 1.0 )	1024	muRISCV-NN	Vector	RV32GCV	-

Notes

• LLVM's AutoVectorizer (Scalar mode) outperforms muRISCV-NN (Vector mode) for VLEN=128 with
• Check for different VLENs! (256,512,2048)

Image Classification (resnet)

Cycles (Speedup)	Total ROM (rel.)	Total RAM (rel.)	VLEN	Kernels	Mode	Arch	Auto-Vectorization
134756807 ( 0.4x )	188332 ( 0.924 )	68892 ( 1.0 )	0	TFLM	Reference	RV32GC	-
58895120 ( 1.0x )	194258 ( 0.953 )	68900 ( 1.0 )	128	TFLM	Reference	RV32GCV	Loop+SLP
46357756 ( 1.3x )	194258 ( 0.953 )	68900 ( 1.0 )	1024	TFLM	Reference	RV32GCV	Loop+SLP
58391132 ( Base )	203794 ( Base )	68888 ( Base )	0	muRISCV-NN	Scalar	RV32GC	-
28233936 ( 2.1x )	215430 ( 1.057 )	68896 ( 1.0 )	128	muRISCV-NN	Scalar	RV32GCV	Loop+SLP
13683415 ( 4.3x )	215430 ( 1.057 )	68896 ( 1.0 )	1024	muRISCV-NN	Scalar	RV32GCV	Loop+SLP
27964207 ( 2.1x )	204102 ( 1.002 )	68888 ( 1.0 )	128	muRISCV-NN	Vector	RV32GCV	-
8022385 ( 7.3x )	204102 ( 1.002 )	68888 ( 1.0 )	1024	muRISCV-NN	Vector	RV32GCV	-

Anomaly Detection (toycar)

Cycles (Speedup)	Total ROM (rel.)	Total RAM (rel.)	VLEN	Kernels	Mode	Arch	Auto-Vectorization
3052975 ( 0.6x )	342160 ( 0.987 )	19376 ( 1.0 )	0	TFLM	Reference	RV32GC	-
895486 ( 2.1x )	343940 ( 0.992 )	19376 ( 1.0 )	128	TFLM	Reference	RV32GCV	Loop+SLP
492510 ( 3.7x )	343940 ( 0.992 )	19376 ( 1.0 )	1024	TFLM	Reference	RV32GCV	Loop+SLP
1846118 ( Base )	346742 ( Base )	19376 ( Base )	0	muRISCV-NN	Scalar	RV32GC	-
620218 ( 3.0x )	350290 ( 1.01 )	19376 ( 1.0 )	128	muRISCV-NN	Scalar	RV32GCV	Loop+SLP
387846 ( 4.8x )	350290 ( 1.01 )	19376 ( 1.0 )	1024	muRISCV-NN	Scalar	RV32GCV	Loop+SLP
591772 ( 3.1x )	346750 ( 1.0 )	19376 ( 1.0 )	128	muRISCV-NN	Vector	RV32GCV	-
418324 ( 4.4x )	346750 ( 1.0 )	19376 ( 1.0 )	1024	muRISCV-NN	Vector	RV32GCV	-

Notes

• LLVM's AutoVectorizer (Scalar mode) outperforms muRISCV-NN (Vector mode) for VLEN=1024 with
• Check for different VLENs! (256,512,2048)
• Even for TFLM reference kernels auto-vectorization is very effective!

Visual Wake Words (vww)

Cycles (Speedup)	Total ROM (rel.)	Total RAM (rel.)	VLEN	Kernels	Mode	Arch	Auto-Vectorization
114164825 ( 0.4x )	420470 ( 0.948 )	134452 ( 1.0 )	0	TFLM	Reference	RV32GC	-
72029724 ( 0.6x )	426196 ( 0.96 )	134460 ( 1.0 )	128	TFLM	Reference	RV32GCV	Loop+SLP
63384332 ( 0.7x )	426196 ( 0.96 )	134460 ( 1.0 )	1024	TFLM	Reference	RV32GCV	Loop+SLP
46651565 ( Base )	443730 ( Base )	134452 ( Base )	0	muRISCV-NN	Scalar	RV32GC	-
19564767 ( 2.4x )	454852 ( 1.025 )	134460 ( 1.0 )	128	muRISCV-NN	Scalar	RV32GCV	Loop+SLP
14769036 ( 3.2x )	454852 ( 1.025 )	134460 ( 1.0 )	1024	muRISCV-NN	Scalar	RV32GCV	Loop+SLP
21026824 ( 2.2x )	443336 ( 0.999 )	134452 ( 1.0 )	128	muRISCV-NN	Vector	RV32GCV	-
10339644 ( 4.5x )	443336 ( 0.999 )	134452 ( 1.0 )	1024	muRISCV-NN	Vector	RV32GCV	-

Notes

• See aww!

Original data

Click here to download the raw files for this benchmark.