feat: Record Advance Payment as a liability

[GursheenK]

The current flow allows the user to record -

• Advance Payments Received from Customers as a Negative Asset in the General Ledger
• Advance Payments Paid to Suppliers as a Negative Liability in the General Ledger

The Book Advance Payments in Separate Party Account feature introduces the option to use separate accounts for recording these Advance Payments. The option can be selected from the Company Doctype > Advance Payments Section

When selected, the user needs to provide the Default Advances Received Account and the Default Advances Paid Account in the Company master.





Default Advance Accounts can be set for a Customer/Customer Group/Supplier/ Supplier Group with respect to multiple companies from the Accounting Tab > Default Accounts Table

Note : If they are not set in the Customer or Supplier Doctypes, then the Default Advance Account mentioned in the Company Master will be used for recording the Advance Payments of that particular party.

Example

A Payment Entry for receiving ₹1000 from a customer is submitted. The General Ledger Entries created for the same will use the Liability Account instead of the Receivable Account since it is an Advance Payment.

Suppose a Sales Invoice with a total of ₹500 is created for the same customer and the Advance Payments are fetched and allocated using the Get Advances Received button. In such a case, when the Sales Invoice is submitted, the General Ledger for the Payment Entry will reflect the following changes.

Since the total allocated amount to the Sales Invoice is ₹500, the same has been debited from the Liability Account. The Liability Account will then hold the remaining ₹500 as an Advance Payment.

no-docs

Issue #34282

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Merging #35609 (fda2d2b) into develop (fa3ab67) will increase coverage by 0.05%.
The diff coverage is 91.61%.

Additional details and impacted files

@@             Coverage Diff             @@
##           develop   #35609      +/-   ##
===========================================
+ Coverage    64.15%   64.20%   +0.05%     
===========================================
  Files          785      785              
  Lines        60485    60613     +128     
===========================================
+ Hits         38803    38918     +115     
- Misses       21682    21695      +13     

Impacted Files	Coverage Δ
...e/payment_reconciliation/payment_reconciliation.py	93.38% <75.00%> (-0.67%)	⬇️
...xt/accounts/doctype/payment_entry/payment_entry.py	83.37% <86.15%> (+0.05%)	⬆️
erpnext/accounts/utils.py	75.56% <93.75%> (+0.20%)	⬆️
erpnext/accounts/party.py	78.10% <95.00%> (+1.09%)	⬆️
erpnext/controllers/accounts_controller.py	85.58% <96.66%> (+0.32%)	⬆️
erpnext/accounts/general_ledger.py	94.26% <100.00%> (+0.02%)	⬆️

[rtdany10]

@deepeshgarg007 will this be backported?
Just saw the label, but any possibility?