Useful References

Requests for PPE Donation from Healthcare workers

GetusPPE

PPE Testing

NIOSH Testing and measure procedure

Our own testing results

Testing of house hold items with a Fluke 985 Particle counter - Jason Tongbai YT FB

Ventilator Design Competitions

Code Life Ventilator Challenge (Canada)

Gov.UK - Rapidly Manufactured Ventilator System (UK)

Emerging Marketing Ventilation (UK)

FDA Emergency Use Guidance

Enforcement Policy for Ventilators and Accessories and Other Respiratory Devices During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Public Health Emergency

Open Source Medical Device Guide

A Facebook group was setup to discuss recommendations around open-source efforts in response to COVID-19. Here is a 1.0 version of the doc they released. Most of the guidance so far is written in a way that assumes professional care is available.

Reprogramming a CPAP:

[Airbreak] (https://airbreak.dev/)

Respirator/Filter Alternatives:

Making your own Resusable Elastomeric Respirator, Boston Children's Hosptial

[CDC COVID-19 Crisis/Alternate Strategies Guidance] (https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/hcp/respirators-strategy/crisis-alternate-strategies.html)

[Performance of cloth and common fabric materials] (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20584862)

Home materials for DIY masks

References from doctors specifically about ventilator technical requirements

Specifically for COVID-19

Tweets from Vamsi Aribindi, MD (March 13, 2020) https://mobile.twitter.com/aribindi/status/1238629714069032961

Specifically for ARDS (which is associated with COVID-19)

Journal article about treating ARDS (2017): https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMra1608077

References about CPAP/BiPAP/PEEP ventilator modes

Lung Mechanics: PEEP,PEP,ACMV

Ventilator Modes Explained! PEEP, CPAP, Pressure vs. Volume

Why

Ventilator Shortage Analysis

Here we will briefly summarize information on the supply and potential shortage. Key numbers that will affect this:

1. The current numbers for supply of ventilators (# of ventilators currently)
2. The demand for ventilators, over time (# of ventilators needed over time)
3. The ability to increase supply of ventilators (# of ventilators able to be manufactured over time)

Additionally, the numbers above will vary based on each region's need globally.

Some preliminary data (we can continue to update) on some of these areas:

Region	# ventilators, current supply	# ventilators, needed
Globe
U.S.	46,000 [1]	200,000 or more [1]
California	7,587 and "buying more" now [2]
U.K.	5,000 [3]	> 30,000 [3]
... add more...	...	...

References

• [1] Text from my friend who is a doctor at Stanford, let's replace with citable sources if possible. "Estimated 46,000 vent beds across US with anticipated need of 200,000, maybe more if more severe than we know"
• [2] Gavin Newsom press conference, March 15, 2020 (add link)
• [3] https://www.ft.com/content/7ebb238c-67c7-11ea-a3c9-1fe6fedcca75