Allow specifying timeout in tests via third argument

[eps1lon]

Summary

Enables extending the timeout via test(name, callback, timeoutMS) when the test is gated. Extending the timeout is mostly useful with a debugger attached. With the debugger attached, you easily exceed the 5s timeout.

How did you test this change?

• Added third argument to https://github.com/facebook/react/blob/8d41ed869e0283a661299765c563e462c9e78799/packages/react-reconciler/src/__tests__/StrictEffectsMode-test.js#L816 and was able to debug tests for minutes without Jest aborting during a yield.

[react-sizebot]

Comparing: 9b13002...19900a5

Critical size changes

Includes critical production bundles, as well as any change greater than 2%:

Name	+/-	Base	Current	+/- gzip	Base gzip	Current gzip
oss-stable/react-dom/cjs/react-dom.production.js	=	6.66 kB	6.66 kB	=	1.82 kB	1.82 kB
oss-stable/react-dom/cjs/react-dom-client.production.js	=	492.61 kB	492.61 kB	=	87.88 kB	87.88 kB
oss-experimental/react-dom/cjs/react-dom.production.js	=	6.67 kB	6.67 kB	=	1.83 kB	1.83 kB
oss-experimental/react-dom/cjs/react-dom-client.production.js	=	498.86 kB	498.86 kB	=	88.92 kB	88.92 kB
facebook-www/ReactDOM-prod.classic.js	=	591.22 kB	591.22 kB	=	103.96 kB	103.96 kB
facebook-www/ReactDOM-prod.modern.js	=	567.44 kB	567.44 kB	=	100.36 kB	100.36 kB
test_utils/ReactAllWarnings.js	Deleted	64.26 kB	0.00 kB	Deleted	16.02 kB	0.00 kB

Significant size changes

Includes any change greater than 0.2%:

Expand to show

Name	+/-	Base	Current	+/- gzip	Base gzip	Current gzip
test_utils/ReactAllWarnings.js	Deleted	64.26 kB	0.00 kB	Deleted	16.02 kB	0.00 kB

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