Fix chaining in rules and unify prefix and rules of protocols

[nhduongvn]

The chaining mechanism is still be supported in the new storage description as in the case of Trivial File Catalogue (TFC) before:
https://twiki.cern.ch/twiki/bin/viewauth/CMS/StorageDescription
However, it was effectively turned off (chain="") during development of codes for the new storage description
#37278
Therefore, some sites will not see the files, for example T2_DE_DESY
https://cms-talk.web.cern.ch/t/errors-of-missing-files-at-t2-de-desy/27838/20
(currently there are three sites use 'chain' T1_DE_KIT, T2_DE_DESY, T2_BE_IIHE.)

This PR puts back the chaining feature. It also unifies the prefix and rules of protocols by converting the prefix to a rule. Therefore, codes handling prefix and rules are the same.

[nhduongvn]

This is a wrong pull request. Please discard.

[cmsbuild]

+code-checks

Logs: https://cmssdt.cern.ch/SDT/code-checks/cms-sw-PR-42529/36542

• This PR adds an extra 16KB to repository

[cmsbuild]

A new Pull Request was created by @nhduongvn for master.

It involves the following packages:

• Alignment/CommonAlignment (alca)
• CondCore/Utilities (db)
• CondTools/RunInfo (db)
• Configuration/AlCa (alca)
• Configuration/Eras (operations)
• Configuration/PyReleaseValidation (pdmv, upgrade)
• Configuration/StandardSequences (operations)
• DPGAnalysis/Skims (pdmv)
• DQM/BeamMonitor (dqm, db)
• DQMOffline/Trigger (dqm)
• EventFilter/CTPPSRawToDigi (reconstruction)
• EventFilter/EcalRawToDigi (reconstruction)
• FWCore/Catalog (core)
• GeneratorInterface/Pythia8Interface (generators)
• HLTrigger/Configuration (hlt)
• HeterogeneousCore/AlpakaInterface (heterogeneous)
• IOPool/Input (core)
• RecoLocalTracker/SiPixelClusterizer (reconstruction)
• RecoTracker/FinalTrackSelectors (reconstruction)
• RecoTracker/TkTrackingRegions (reconstruction)
• RecoVertex/BeamSpotProducer (reconstruction, alca)
• TrackingTools/MeasurementDet (reconstruction)

@SiewYan, @rappoccio, @bbilin, @pmandrik, @Saptaparna, @Martin-Grunewald, @alberto-sanchez, @menglu21, @tjavaid, @perrotta, @makortel, @cmsbuild, @missirol, @miquork, @fwyzard, @GurpreetSinghChahal, @mandrenguyen, @davidlange6, @smuzaffar, @consuegs, @Dr15Jones, @emanueleusai, @AdrianoDee, @syuvivida, @micsucmed, @fabiocos, @francescobrivio, @mkirsano, @nothingface0, @clacaputo, @srimanob, @saumyaphor4252, @sunilUIET, @tvami, @rvenditti can you please review it and eventually sign? Thanks.
@VourMa, @felicepantaleo, @forthommel, @argiro, @Martin-Grunewald, @wddgit, @thomreis, @tlampen, @alberto-sanchez, @threus, @mmusich, @slomeo, @pakhotin, @makortel, @JanFSchulte, @jhgoh, @dgulhan, @missirol, @HuguesBrun, @cericeci, @ferencek, @trocino, @grzanka, @rociovilar, @youyingli, @fabferro, @GiacomoSguazzoni, @rovere, @VinInn, @mroguljic, @bellan, @tocheng, @ebrondol, @mtosi, @fabiocos, @francescobrivio, @mkirsano, @adewit, @rchatter, @AnnikaStein, @Fedespring, @silviodonato, @dkotlins, @wang0jin, @gpetruc, @sameasy, @tvami this is something you requested to watch as well.
@perrotta, @dpiparo, @rappoccio you are the release manager for this.

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