⬆️ update mqt-core and adapt to changes

[burgholzer]

Description

This PR updates MQT Core and adapts the code base to the changes from cda-tum/mqt-core#668.

Checklist:

• The pull request only contains commits that are related to it.
• I have added appropriate tests and documentation.
• I have made sure that all CI jobs on GitHub pass.
• The pull request introduces no new warnings and follows the project's style guidelines.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Project coverage is 95.8%. Comparing base (119c781) to head (df98be9).
Report is 86 commits behind head on main.

Additional details and impacted files

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##            main    #444     +/-   ##
=======================================
- Coverage   96.0%   95.8%   -0.2%     
=======================================
  Files         39      39             
  Lines       1830    1831      +1     
  Branches     223     224      +1     
=======================================
- Hits        1757    1755      -2     
- Misses        73      76      +3     

Flag	Coverage Δ
cpp	95.8% <100.0%> (-0.3%)	⬇️
python	95.8% <ø> (ø)

Files with missing lines	Coverage Δ
include/EquivalenceCheckingManager.hpp	100.0% <ø> (ø)
include/checker/EquivalenceChecker.hpp	100.0% <ø> (ø)
include/checker/dd/DDAlternatingChecker.hpp	100.0% <ø> (ø)
include/checker/dd/DDConstructionChecker.hpp	83.3% <ø> (ø)
include/checker/dd/DDEquivalenceChecker.hpp	100.0% <ø> (ø)
include/checker/dd/DDSimulationChecker.hpp	100.0% <ø> (ø)
include/checker/dd/TaskManager.hpp	98.5% <ø> (ø)
...dd/applicationscheme/GateCostApplicationScheme.hpp	91.8% <ø> (ø)
include/checker/zx/ZXChecker.hpp	100.0% <ø> (ø)
src/EquivalenceCheckingManager.cpp	92.5% <100.0%> (-0.7%)	⬇️
... and 3 more