Refactor state latex drawer

[frankharkins]

Summary

Currently, we have two different algorithms to display amplitudes as human-readable latex strings. This PR adapts the functions in qiskit/visualization/array.py so they work for both drawers, and deprecates the duplicate drawer.

Details and comments

• I went with the sympy approach of the ket drawer over the home-rolled algorithm in the array drawer.
• As a side effect, the array drawer may behave slightly differently, I've mentioned this in the releasenotes. The precision default in the matrix drawer needed increasing to continue recognising common amplitudes. The ket drawer should produce latex that renders identically so hopefully minimal disruption there.
• I've also deprecated some public functions (num_to_latex_ket, numbers_to_latex_terms) as they're quite specific to the drawer and I don't think it falls under Qiskit's scope to support them. I can't find any uses of them in the wild.

This PR supersedes #8551

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[coveralls]

Pull Request Test Coverage Report for Build 3940769746

• 43 of 49 (87.76%) changed or added relevant lines in 2 files are covered.
• 3 unchanged lines in 2 files lost coverage.
• Overall coverage increased (+0.03%) to 84.859%

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Changes Missing Coverage	Covered Lines	Changed/Added Lines	%
qiskit/visualization/array.py	27	33	81.82%

Files with Coverage Reduction	New Missed Lines	%
qiskit/visualization/array.py	1	86.25%
src/sabre_swap/layer.rs	2	98.95%

Totals
Change from base Build 3940320475:	0.03%
Covered Lines:	65799
Relevant Lines:	77539

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💛 - Coveralls

[ikkoham]

Thank you. The code is more concise and the output is easier to read. I will leave some minor comments.

[ikkoham]

Thank you for addressing my review comments. LGTM

[jakelishman]

I reworded the release note a little, but otherwise this looks fine to me to merge. It's good to consolidate all the code in one place for consistency, and if it reduces some of the spaghetti back-and-forth we'd grown over time, I'm all for it. Thanks!