bug fix vector faults, stage coroutine support

- added core coroutine implementation from https://github.com/zelang-dev/c-coroutine only `ucontext.h`, not low level assembler. The implementation of `thrd_spawn` and example `thrd_spawn_fib_pool.c` not even possible without it. Should behave similar to https://www.opencilk.org/doc/tutorials/introduction-to-cilk-programming/ which it mimics. Feature will only be  available if `USE_CORO` is defined.
- added an `main` macro to point `main` to launch `coro_main`, or `raii_main` if `USE_CORO` defined.
- Fix test and examples to handle `main` macro

README.md

@@ -373,17 +373,22 @@ C_API void args_returning_set(args_t);
 */
 C_API arrays_t array_of(memory_t *, size_t, ...);
 C_API void array_deferred_set(arrays_t, memory_t *);
+C_API void array_append(arrays_t, void_t);
+C_API void array_delete(arrays_t);
+C_API void array_remove(arrays_t, int);
 C_API bool is_array(void_t);
+#define $append(arr, value) array_append((arrays_t)arr, (void_t)value)
+#define $remove(arr, index) array_remove((arrays_t)arr, index)
 
 #define vectorize(vec) vectors_t vec = vector_variant()
 #define vector(vec, count, ...) vectors_t vec = vector_for(nil, count, __VA_ARGS__)
 
-#define $push_back(vec, value) vector_push_back(vec, (void_t)value)
-#define $insert(vec, index, value) vector_insert(vec, index, (void_t)value)
-#define $clear(vec) vector_clear(vec)
-#define $size(vec) vector_size(vec)
-#define $capacity(vec) vector_capacity(vec)
-#define $erase(vec, index) vector_erase(vec, index)
+#define $push_back(vec, value) vector_push_back((vectors_t)vec, (void_t)value)
+#define $insert(vec, index, value) vector_insert((vectors_t)vec, index, (void_t)value)
+#define $clear(vec) vector_clear((vectors_t)vec)
+#define $size(vec) vector_size((vectors_t)vec)
+#define $capacity(vec) vector_capacity((vectors_t)vec)
+#define $erase(vec, index) vector_erase((vectors_t)vec, index)
 
 /* The `foreach(item in vector/array)` macro, similar to `C#`,
 executes a statement or a block of statements for each element in

docs/index.md

@@ -368,17 +368,22 @@ C_API void args_returning_set(args_t);
 */
 C_API arrays_t array_of(memory_t *, size_t, ...);
 C_API void array_deferred_set(arrays_t, memory_t *);
+C_API void array_append(arrays_t, void_t);
+C_API void array_delete(arrays_t);
+C_API void array_remove(arrays_t, int);
 C_API bool is_array(void_t);
+#define $append(arr, value) array_append((arrays_t)arr, (void_t)value)
+#define $remove(arr, index) array_remove((arrays_t)arr, index)
 
 #define vectorize(vec) vectors_t vec = vector_variant()
 #define vector(vec, count, ...) vectors_t vec = vector_for(nil, count, __VA_ARGS__)
 
-#define $push_back(vec, value) vector_push_back(vec, (void_t)value)
-#define $insert(vec, index, value) vector_insert(vec, index, (void_t)value)
-#define $clear(vec) vector_clear(vec)
-#define $size(vec) vector_size(vec)
-#define $capacity(vec) vector_capacity(vec)
-#define $erase(vec, index) vector_erase(vec, index)
+#define $push_back(vec, value) vector_push_back((vectors_t)vec, (void_t)value)
+#define $insert(vec, index, value) vector_insert((vectors_t)vec, index, (void_t)value)
+#define $clear(vec) vector_clear((vectors_t)vec)
+#define $size(vec) vector_size((vectors_t)vec)
+#define $capacity(vec) vector_capacity((vectors_t)vec)
+#define $erase(vec, index) vector_erase((vectors_t)vec, index)
 
 /* The `foreach(item in vector/array)` macro, similar to `C#`,
 executes a statement or a block of statements for each element in

examples/defer_thread.c

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ static unsigned int names[max_threads];
 static thrd_t threads[max_threads];
 
 void defer_capture(void *arg) {
-    thrd_t thrd = raii_value(arg).thread;
+    thrd_t thrd = *(thrd_t *)raii_value(arg).object;
     if (thrd_success != thrd_join(thrd, NULL)) {
         puts("main: thrd_join failure");
         thrd_exit(EXIT_FAILURE);

examples/thrd_async.c

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #include "raii.h"
+
 /* Plain C89 version of https://cplusplus.com/reference/future/future/wait/
 
 // future::wait

examples/thrd_spawn_fib_pool.c

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 void_t fib(args_t args) {
     int n = get_arg(args).integer;
     if (n < 2) {
+        RAII_HERE;
         return thrd_value(n);
     } else {
         result_t x, y;
@@ -32,6 +33,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv) {
     result_t results = thrd_spawn(fib, thrd_value(n));
 
     thrd_sync(fut);
+    RAII_HERE;
     printf("Result: %d\n", thrd_result(results).integer);
 
     return 0;

examples/try_catch.c

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ static int idiv(int a, int b) {
     return a / b;
 }
 
-int main(void) {
+int main(int argc, char **argv){
     try {
         idiv(1, 0);
         printf("never reached\n");

examples/try_catch_if.c

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ static int idiv(int a, int b) {
     return a / b;
 }
 
-int main(void) {
+int main(int argc, char **argv){
     try {
         idiv(1, 0);
         printf("never reached\n");

examples/try_free_protected.c

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ static void pfree(void *p) {
     free(p);
 }
 
-int main(void) {
+int main(int argc, char **argv){
     try {
         char *p1 = 0; protected(p1, pfree);
         char *p2 = 0; protected(p2, pfree);

examples/try_protect.c

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ static void pfree(void *p) {
     free(p);
 }
 
-int main(void) {
+int main(int argc, char **argv){
     try {
         char *p = 0; protected(p, pfree);
 

examples/try_rethrow.c

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ static int idiv(int a, int b) {
     return a / b;
 }
 
-int main(void) {
+int main(int argc, char **argv){
     try {
         idiv(1, 0);
         printf("never reached\n");

include/coro.h

@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+
+#ifndef _CORO_H
+#define _CORO_H
+
+#define _BSD_SOURCE
+
+/* Public API qualifier. */
+#ifndef C_API
+#   define C_API extern
+#endif
+
+/* Coroutine states. */
+typedef enum {
+    CORO_EVENT_DEAD = -1, /* The coroutine has ended it's Event Loop routine, is uninitialized or deleted. */
+    CORO_DEAD, /* The coroutine is uninitialized or deleted. */
+    CORO_NORMAL,   /* The coroutine is active but not running (that is, it has switch to another coroutine, suspended). */
+    CORO_RUNNING,  /* The coroutine is active and running. */
+    CORO_SUSPENDED, /* The coroutine is suspended (in a startup, or it has not started running yet). */
+    CORO_EVENT, /* The coroutine is in an Event Loop callback. */
+    CORO_ERRED, /* The coroutine has erred. */
+} coro_states;
+
+typedef enum {
+    CORO_RUN_NORMAL,
+    CORO_RUN_MAIN,
+    CORO_RUN_THRD,
+    CORO_RUN_SYSTEM,
+    CORO_RUN_EVENT,
+    CORO_RUN_ASYNC,
+} run_mode;
+
+typedef struct routine_s routine_t;
+typedef struct raii_deque_s raii_deque_t;
+#if __APPLE__ && __MACH__
+#   include <sys/ucontext.h>
+#elif defined(_WIN32) || defined(_WIN64) || defined(_MSC_VER)
+#   include <windows.h>
+#   if defined(_X86_)
+#       define DUMMYARGS
+#   else
+#       define DUMMYARGS long dummy0, long dummy1, long dummy2, long dummy3,
+#   endif
+    typedef struct __stack {
+        void *ss_sp;
+        size_t ss_size;
+        int ss_flags;
+    } stack_t;
+
+    typedef CONTEXT mcontext_t;
+    typedef unsigned long __sigset_t;
+
+    typedef struct __ucontext {
+        unsigned long int	uc_flags;
+        struct __ucontext *uc_link;
+        stack_t				uc_stack;
+        mcontext_t			uc_mcontext;
+        __sigset_t			uc_sigmask;
+    } ucontext_t;
+
+    C_API int getcontext(ucontext_t *ucp);
+    C_API int setcontext(const ucontext_t *ucp);
+    C_API int makecontext(ucontext_t *, void (*)(), int, ...);
+    C_API int swapcontext(routine_t *, const routine_t *);
+#else
+#   include <ucontext.h>
+#endif
+
+#ifdef USE_CORO
+#define main(...)                       \
+    main(int argc, char** argv) {       \
+        return raii_main(argc, argv);   \
+    }                                   \
+    int coro_main(__VA_ARGS__)
+#else
+#define main(...)                       \
+    main(int argc, char** argv) {       \
+        return coro_main(argc, argv);   \
+    }                                   \
+    int coro_main(__VA_ARGS__)
+#endif
+
+#ifndef CORO_STACK_SIZE
+/* Stack size when creating a coroutine. */
+#   define CORO_STACK_SIZE (8 * 1024)
+#endif
+
+#ifndef ERROR_SCRAPE_SIZE
+#   define ERROR_SCRAPE_SIZE 256
+#endif
+
+#ifndef SCRAPE_SIZE
+#   define SCRAPE_SIZE (2 * 64)
+#endif
+
+/* Number used only to assist checking for stack overflows. */
+#define CORO_MAGIC_NUMBER 0x7E3CB1A9
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+    C_API void coro_yield(void);
+    C_API routine_t *coro_active(void);
+    C_API unsigned int coro_sleep_for(unsigned int ms);
+    C_API void coro_deferred_free(routine_t *);
+
+    /* This library provides its own ~main~,
+    which call this function as an coroutine! */
+    C_API int coro_main(int, char **);
+    C_API int raii_main(int, char **);
+
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+
+#endif /* _CORO_H */