Skip to content

QtAV之VideoDecoder的使用

努力加贝 edited this page Nov 28, 2016 · 1 revision

VideoDecoder是QtAV的解码器

本文主要目的是介绍,如何独立使用 VideoDecoder 解码 … 自定义绘制输出 ..

VideoDecoder 支持 "FFmpeg", "CUDA", "VDA", "VAAPI", "DXVA", "Cedarv" 解码方式

VideoDecoder解码(官方案例)

请关注文中注释部分

#include <QCoreApplication>
#include <QtDebug>
#include <QtCore/QDateTime>
#include <QtCore/QQueue>
#include <QtCore/QStringList>
#include <QtAV/AVDemuxer.h>
#include <QtAV/VideoDecoder.h>
#include <QtAV/Packet.h>
using namespace QtAV;
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
	// ---------------------------------
	// QCoreApplication 只能出现在主线程中 ...
	// ---------------------------------
	QCoreApplication a(argc, argv);
	QString file = QString::fromLatin1("test.avi");
	int idx = a.arguments().indexOf(QLatin1String("-f"));
	if (idx > 0)
		file = a.arguments().at(idx + 1);
	// ---------------------------------
	// 使用那种解码器 FFmpeg 默认软解
	// "FFmpeg", "CUDA", "VDA", "VAAPI", "DXVA", "Cedarv"
	// ---------------------------------
	QString decName = QString::fromLatin1("FFmpeg");
	idx = a.arguments().indexOf(QLatin1String("-vc"));
	if (idx < 0)
		idx = a.arguments().indexOf(QLatin1String("-vd"));
	if (idx > 0)
		decName = a.arguments().at(idx + 1);
	QString opt;
	QVariantHash decopt;
	idx = decName.indexOf(QLatin1String(":"));
	if (idx > 0) {
		opt = decName.right(decName.size() - idx -1);
		decName = decName.left(idx);
		QStringList opts(opt.split(QString::fromLatin1(";")));
		QVariantHash subopt;
		foreach (QString o, opts) {
			idx = o.indexOf(QLatin1String(":"));
			subopt[o.left(idx)] = o.right(o.size() - idx - 1);
		}
		decopt[decName] = subopt;
	}
	qDebug() << decopt;
	VideoDecoder *dec = VideoDecoder::create(decName.toLatin1().constData());
	if (!dec) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Can not find decoder: %s\n", decName.toUtf8().constData());
		return 1;
	}
	// -------------------------------------------------------------
	// 自动释放 ...
	QScopedPointer<VideoDecoder> decoder;
	decoder.reset(dec);
	// -------------------------------------------------------------
	if (!decopt.isEmpty())
		dec->setOptions(decopt);
	AVDemuxer demux;
	demux.setMedia(file);
	if (!demux.load()) {
		qWarning("Failed to load file: %s", file.toUtf8().constData());
		return 1;
	}
	dec->setCodecContext(demux.videoCodecContext());
	// -------------------------------------------------------------
	// 请注意这里是官方对 open 与 close 的要求,不是线程安全的,最好使用锁 ...
	/*!
	* default is open FFmpeg codec context
	* codec config must be done before open
	* NOTE: open() and close() are not thread safe. You'd better call them in the same thread.
	*/
	// ---------------------------------------------------------------
	dec->open();
	int count = 0;
	int vstream = demux.videoStream();
	QQueue<qint64> t;
	qint64 t0 = QDateTime::currentMSecsSinceEpoch();
	while (!demux.atEnd()) {
		if (!demux.readFrame())
			continue;
		if (demux.stream() != vstream)
			continue;
		const Packet pkt = demux.packet();
		if (dec->decode(pkt)) {
			VideoFrame frame = dec->frame(); // why is faster to call frame() for hwdec? no frame() is very slow for VDA
			// ---------------------------------
			// 使用前最好判断一下,帧的正确性 ...
			if (!frame.isValid()) {
				continue;
			}
			// 注意:此处将帧保存 ... 备用 ... 缓存帧数不要太多 ... 1080P(10+-) 4k(5-) 等 ... 以免显存不足
			// 比如: frames 需自定义,frames 读写需加锁 ...
			for (;;) {
				 if (frames.size < 5) {
					break;
				}
				QThread::msleep(10);
			}
			frames.push(frame);
			// ---------------------------------
			Q_UNUSED(frame);
			count++;
			const qint64 now = QDateTime::currentMSecsSinceEpoch();
			const qint64 dt = now - t0;
			t.enqueue(now);
			printf("decode count: %d, elapsed: %lld, fps: %.1f/%.1f\r", count, dt, count*1000.0/dt, t.size()*1000.0/(now - t.first()));fflush(0);
			if (t.size() > 10)
				t.dequeue();
		}
	}
	// ---------------------------------
	// 解码器释放部分 ...
	dec->flush();
	demux.setInterruptStatus(-1);
	demux.unload();
	// setCodecContext 相当于 close 需要加锁
	decoder->setCodecContext(0);
	decoder.reset(0);
	// ---------------------------------
	return 0;
}

如何使用 VideoFrame

三种使用VideoFrame思路

  • OpenGL 渲染 VideoFrame 帧
  • SDL 绘制 VideoFrame 帧(需转换格式)
  • QImage 绘制 VideoFrame 帧(需转换格式)(效率低)

QImage

// 就不多介绍了 ... 
QImage image = frame.toImage();
QImage image = frame.toImage(QImage::Format_ARGB32);

SDL

// 事先需要将帧转为SDL需要输出的格式,例如:Format_YUV420P
frame = frame.to(VideoFormat::PixelFormat::Format_YUV420P);
// 将 VideoFrame 转为 AVPicture ...
AVPicture* Decoder::convert(VideoFrame &inFrame, int w, int h)
{
	AVPicture *pFrameYUV = new AVPicture();
	AVPicture pFrame;
	avpicture_fill(&pFrame, (uint8_t*) inFrame.bits(), AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P, w, h);
	avpicture_alloc(pFrameYUV, AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P, w, h);
	av_picture_copy(pFrameYUV, &pFrame, AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P, w, h);
	return pFrameYUV;
}
// 如何用SDL绘制一个AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P的AVPicture就不用我多说了吧 ....
SDL_UpdateTexture(texture, NULL, avp->data[0], avp->linesize[0]);
SDL_RenderCopy(renderer, texture, NULL, rect);
SDL_RenderPresent(renderer);
// 注意:AVPicture 需要手动释放,但不能在 SDL_RenderPresent 前释放 ...
// 建议:最后有个释放队列,绘制完的帧都从绘制队列移到释放队列 ...

OpenGL

// 不用多说, 看代码 ...
// 使用 QtAV 的 OpenGLVideo 渲染 ...
OpenGLVideo oglv;
oglv.setOpenGLContext(QOpenGLContext::currentContext());
oglv.setCurrentFrame(frame);
oglv.setProjectionMatrixToRect(rectf);
oglv.render();
// 如果想使用自定义的OGL渲染VideoFrame那研究研究OpenGLVideo吧 ...

结语

    希望 QtAV 文档可以越来越多,越易用,模块化 ... 我开发的播放器因QtAV而成,因QtAV而兴 ...