Egyptian Open Source Contribution Analysis

This repository contains the code and analysis for the Awesome-Egypt-Opensource initiative. The goal is to analyze the open source contributions from Egyptian developers, uncovering insights about their activity and trends.

Project Goals

• Encourage Open Source: Promote open source participation by Egyptian companies and independent engineers.
• Support New Developers: Provide young developers with a path to contributing to their first open source project, offering guidance in their native language.

Project Objectives

This project leverages GitHub data to extract valuable insights about Egyptian open source projects:

• Top Contributing Cities: Identify the cities with the highest concentration of open source developers.
• Dominant Programming Languages: Discover the most popular programming languages used in Egyptian open source projects.
• Popular Projects: Rank the top 20 Egyptian open source projects based on stars, forks, contributors, and commits.
• Non-Egyptian Projects with Egyptian Contributors: Analyze the top 20 non-Egyptian projects with significant contributions from Egyptian developers.
• Industry Focus: Determine the most common industry or topic areas targeted by Egyptian open source projects.
• Top Frameworks & Libraries: Identify the leading frameworks and libraries employed in Egyptian open source projects.
• Database Usage: Investigate the prevalence of different database engines, including both relational and NoSQL databases.
• Documentation Quality: Assess the extent to which projects prioritize documentation and provide useful resources for contributors.
• Pull Request & Issue Activity: Examine the distribution of open versus merged pull requests and open versus closed issues.
• Licensing Practices: Analyze the top 10 licenses used in Egyptian open source projects.
• CI/CD Integration: Determine the adoption rate of CI/CD tools among the projects.

Project Workflow

Structure

The repository is organized as follows:

• src: Contains the source code modules:

  • github_api.py: Provides a class for interacting with the GitHub API. It is the base class for the upcomming classes.
  • data_collection.py: Contains functions for scraping GitHub users and repositories.
  • repo_extractor.py: Extracts repository details including files, CI/CD tools, dependencies, and database usage.
  • doc_assessor.py: Assesses the documentation quality of repositories.
  • utils.py: General utility functions for the analysis notebook.

• data: Stores raw and processed data files:

  • json_files: Contains configuration files in JSON format.
  • raw: Holds scrapped data files.
  • processed: Holds processed data files that will be used in analysis.

• results: Contains visualization outputs.

• config.yaml: Stores project configuration settings.

• Analyse_Egyption_OpenSource_contribution.ipynb: A Jupyter notebook containing the analysis code and visualizations.

• .env: Stores GitHub API token environment variables.

Getting Started

This repository uses DVC (Data Version Control) to track data files. To get started, follow these steps:

Getting Started

This repository uses DVC (Data Version Control) to track data files. To get started, follow these steps:

1. Clone the repository:

   git clone https://github.com/your-username/Egyptian-Open-Source-Contribution-Analysis.git

2. Create a virtual environment (optional, but recommended):

   • Using venv (Python's built-in virtual environment):

     python3 -m venv .venv
     source .venv/bin/activate  # Linux/macOS
     .venv\Scripts\activate     # Windows

   • Using conda (if you have Anaconda or Miniconda installed):

     conda create -n egyptian_opensource python=3.9 # Adjust the Python version if needed
     conda activate egyptian_opensource

3. Install dependencies:

   pip install -r requirements.txt

4. Set environment variables:

   • Create a .env file in the root directory and add your GitHub Personal Access Token (PAT).

   • Example:

     PROJECT_NAME=GitHub-OpenSource-Analysis
     GITHUB_ACCESS_TOKEN1=your_github_access_token_1
     GITHUB_ACCESS_TOKEN2=your_github_access_token_2
     GITHUB_ACCESS_TOKEN3=your_github_access_token_3
     GITHUB_ACCESS_TOKEN4=your_github_access_token_4
     

5. Initialize DVC:

   dvc init

6. Pull data files:

   dvc pull

7. Run the analysis:

   jupyter notebook Analyse_Egyption_OpenSource_contribution.ipynb

Note: If you make changes to the data files, remember to use dvc add and dvc commit to track your changes.

Tools Used

This analysis utilizes various tools and libraries:

• Core Libraries:
  • Python: Primary programming language.
  • Jupyter Notebook: Used for data analysis, visualization, and report generation.
  • Pandas: Library for data manipulation and analysis.
  • NumPy: Library for numerical computation.
  • Requests: Python library for making HTTP requests.
  • BeautifulSoup4: Python library for parsing HTML and XML data.
• Visualization Libraries:
  • Matplotlib and Seaborn: Libraries for creating static visualizations.
  • WordCloud: Library for generating word clouds.
• Text Processing & Topic Modeling Libraries:
  • NLTK (Natural Language Toolkit): Used for natural language processing tasks like tokenization and stemming.
  • BERTopic (BERT-based Topic Modeling): For discovering topics within text data, particularly helpful for analyzing project descriptions
• Version Controlling Tools:
  • Git and GitHub: For version control the code files and collaborative development.
  • DVC (Data Version Control): Used to track data files and ensure reproducibility of analysis.
  • dvc-gdrive: Python package for interacting with Google Drive as a remote storage for DVC.

Challenges Faced & Solutions

This project encountered several challenges while scraping and analyzing GitHub data related to Egyptian open source projects. Here are some of the challenges and the solutions implemented:

1. GitHub API Rate Limits:

• Challenge: GitHub API has rate limits, preventing excessive requests and protecting their infrastructure. This limited the speed at which we could scrape data.
• Solution:
  • Multiple Tokens: We used multiple GitHub Personal Access Tokens (PATs) to increase the number of requests allowed.
  • Rate Limiting Logic: Implemented logic to handle rate limiting responses (429), including waiting periods and switching tokens when necessary.
  • Exponential Backoff: Used exponential backoff to avoid making repeated requests immediately after hitting rate limits.

2. Dependency Graph Size:

• Challenge: Fetching dependency information using the GitHub dependency graph API often resulted in large response per repository, mae it difficult to store and process efficiently.

• Solution:

  • Json Serialization: Store dependencies for each repo in a seperate Json file that will be used in analysis.
  • Limit Dependencies: Limited the number of dependencies stored in the CSV file to a reasonable number (e.g., 20) to prevent excessive data storage.

3. Large Number of Repository Filenames:

• Challenge: Retrieving filenames from repositories with numerous files presented a significant challenge. Storing this extensive list of filenames within a single cell of a CSV file proved impractical due to potential data storage limitations and inefficient analysis.

• Solution: We have implemented a strategy focused on selective filename extraction. Instead of storing all filenames, we prioritized only those relevant to our specific analysis objectives. This involved filtering files based on their purpose, such as:

  • Files relevant to identifying database types (e.g., schema.sql, database.yml, knexfile.js, etc.).
  • Files indicating the use of CI/CD tools (e.g., .github/workflows, bitbucket-pipelines.yml, circleci.yml, etc.).
  • Files that contribute to assessing documentation quality (e.g., README.md, CONTRIBUTING.md, docs/, etc.).

4. Handling Errors:

• Challenge: Errors can occur during the scraping process (e.g., network issues, API errors, data format inconsistencies).
• Solution:
  • Error Handling: Implemented comprehensive error handling mechanisms to capture and log errors gracefully.
  • Retry Logic: Implemented retry logic to handle temporary errors, allowing the scraper to attempt requests again after a delay.
  • Error Logging: Thorough logging of errors helped in debugging and identifying patterns in potential issues.

By addressing these challenges, we were able to successfully gather and analyze the necessary GitHub data for the Egyptian open source contribution analysis.

Contributions

Contributions are welcome! Please refer to the CONTRIBUTING.md file for guidelines.

Acknowledgments

This project is inspired by the following resources:

• GitHub Innovation Graph
• Top GitHub Users Action
• Committers.top - Egypt
• xkcd 2347