[Error] Shorten the length of traceback of exceptions thrown by ASTTransformer

[lin-hitonami]

Related issue = fixes #3785
Error message of the program in the issue after this PR:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/lin/tmp/./test.py", line 15, in <module>
    foo()
  File "/home/lin/taichi2/python/taichi/lang/kernel_impl.py", line 715, in wrapped
    return primal(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/home/lin/taichi2/python/taichi/lang/kernel_impl.py", line 643, in __call__
    key = self.ensure_compiled(*args)
  File "/home/lin/taichi2/python/taichi/lang/kernel_impl.py", line 629, in ensure_compiled
    self.materialize(key=key, args=args, arg_features=arg_features)
  File "/home/lin/taichi2/python/taichi/lang/kernel_impl.py", line 475, in materialize
    taichi_kernel = _ti_core.create_kernel(taichi_ast_generator,
  File "/home/lin/taichi2/python/taichi/lang/kernel_impl.py", line 465, in taichi_ast_generator
    transform_tree(tree, ctx)
  File "/home/lin/taichi2/python/taichi/lang/ast/transform.py", line 8, in transform_tree
    ASTTransformer()(ctx, tree)
  File "/home/lin/taichi2/python/taichi/lang/ast/ast_transformer_utils.py", line 27, in __call__
    raise e.with_traceback(None)
taichi.lang.exception.TaichiCompilationError: On line 13 of file "/home/lin/tmp/./test.py":
    bar()
    ^^^^^
On line 9 of file "/home/lin/tmp/./test.py":
    baz()
    ^^^^^
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/lin/taichi2/python/taichi/lang/ast/ast_transformer_utils.py", line 24, in __call__
    return method(ctx, node)
  File "/home/lin/taichi2/python/taichi/lang/ast/ast_transformer.py", line 360, in build_Call
    node.ptr = node.func.ptr(*args, **keywords)
  File "/home/lin/tmp/./test.py", line 5, in baz
    raise RuntimeError("an error")
RuntimeError: an error

If a TaichiSyntaxError is thrown, which means the error is thrown by the transformer, the exception type will remain TaichiSyntaxError, and the original traceback at the bottom will not appear because it is not necessary.
For the following program,

import taichi as ti
ti.init()

@ti.kernel
def foo():
    1 in 2

foo()

The traceback looks like this.

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/lin/tmp/./test.py", line 8, in <module>
    foo()
  File "/home/lin/taichi2/python/taichi/lang/kernel_impl.py", line 715, in wrapped
    return primal(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/home/lin/taichi2/python/taichi/lang/kernel_impl.py", line 643, in __call__
    key = self.ensure_compiled(*args)
  File "/home/lin/taichi2/python/taichi/lang/kernel_impl.py", line 629, in ensure_compiled
    self.materialize(key=key, args=args, arg_features=arg_features)
  File "/home/lin/taichi2/python/taichi/lang/kernel_impl.py", line 475, in materialize
    taichi_kernel = _ti_core.create_kernel(taichi_ast_generator,
  File "/home/lin/taichi2/python/taichi/lang/kernel_impl.py", line 465, in taichi_ast_generator
    transform_tree(tree, ctx)
  File "/home/lin/taichi2/python/taichi/lang/ast/transform.py", line 8, in transform_tree
    ASTTransformer()(ctx, tree)
  File "/home/lin/taichi2/python/taichi/lang/ast/ast_transformer_utils.py", line 27, in __call__
    raise e.with_traceback(None)
taichi.lang.exception.TaichiSyntaxError: On line 6 of file "/home/lin/tmp/./test.py":
    1 in 2
    ^^^^^^
"In" is only supported inside `ti.static`.

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[strongoier]

LGTM!