nominals ending in 'O' and declension

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There are only 16 nominal citations in lexnorm-all2 which end in 'O' (diphthong 'au').

Most of these are 'nO' (boat) and its compounds. The others are 'glO' (moon) and 'jyO' (Jupiter).

There is one other 'asakO' which is somehow related to pronoun 'adas' (that); this has been removed to the list of irregular nominals for later consideration.

The stem generation results in models f_O, m_O (same as f_O) and n_u (see below for discussion of neuter).

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endings for f_O and m_O

The masculine and feminine declensions are identical, and use the endings :

Case	S	D	P
Nominative	OH	AvO	AvaH
Accusative	Avam	AvO	AvaH
Instrumental	AvA	OByAm	OBiH
Dative	Ave	OByAm	OByaH
Ablative	AvaH	OByAm	OByaH
Genitive	AvaH	AvoH	AvAm
Locative	Avi	AvoH	Ozu
Vocative	OH	AvO	AvaH

Note: quite similar to f_o endings. See #25.

base for m_o, f_o model

Obtain the base by dropping the final 'o'.

f_O, m_O declension algorithm

Completely analogous to other vowel-ending declension algorithms. In brief:

• Detach prefix from final pada
• Form base from final pada, as above
• Join base to the endings, then apply nR sandhi as needed (actually, it is not needed in any examples).
• Reattach the pre-base padas to the results of preceding step.

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example glO

Declension in masculine.

Case	S	D	P
Nominative	gl + OH = glOH	gl + AvO = glAvO	gl + AvaH = glAvaH
Accusative	gl + Avam = glAvam	gl + AvO = glAvO	gl + AvaH = glAvaH
Instrumental	gl + AvA = glAvA	gl + OByAm = glOByAm	gl + OBiH = glOBiH
Dative	gl + Ave = glAve	gl + OByAm = glOByAm	gl + OByaH = glOByaH
Ablative	gl + AvaH = glAvaH	gl + OByAm = glOByAm	gl + OByaH = glOByaH
Genitive	gl + AvaH = glAvaH	gl + AvoH = glAvoH	gl + AvAm = glAvAm
Locative	gl + Avi = glAvi	gl + AvoH = glAvoH	gl + Ozu = glOzu
Vocative	gl + OH = glOH	gl + AvO = glAvO	gl + AvaH = glAvaH

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neuter declension of nominals ending in 'O'

A few of the MW entries ending in 'O' appear as adjectives; these are compounds with 'nO'.
For example 'sunO' :

su—nau f. a good ship, VS.  [L=247199]
su—nau mfn. (nom. mf. aus n. u) having good ships, Vop.  [L=247200]
su—nau n. water, L.  [L=247201]

Kale explains the declension of sunu in neuter:

In our terms, from the citation su-nO we:

• drop the su
• Decline 'nO': From 'nO', replace final 'O' with 'u', resulting in 'nu'
• Decline 'nu' in neuter using model n_u (like maDu)
• reattach the first part of the compound (su).

Case	S	D	P
Nominative	nu	nunI	nUni
Accusative	nu	nunI	nUni
Instrumental	nunA	nuByAm	nuBiH
Dative	nune	nuByAm	nuByaH
Ablative	nunaH	nuByAm	nuByaH
Genitive	nunaH	nunoH	nUnAm
Locative	nuni	nunoH	nuzu
Vocative	nu/no	nunI	nUni

So declension of sunO in neuter begins sunu, sununI, sunUni, etc.

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nO with pronouns

One of MW entries for nO refers to first person pronoun, asmad, and will be handled with rest of pronouns.

nau 1 encl. acc. dat. gen. du. of 1st pers. pron. (cf. Pāṇ. 8-1, 20 ), RV.  &c. &c. 
 (VS.  also ṇau; cf. VPrāt. iii, 85 ).