Refactor sagemath-standard through sagemath-{categories,environment,repl}

[mkoeppe]

📚 Description

Fixes #34587

📝 Checklist

• I have made sure that the title is self-explanatory and the description concisely explains the PR.
• I have linked an issue or discussion.
• I have created tests covering the changes.
• I have updated the documentation accordingly.

⌛ Dependencies

[mkoeppe]

[sagemath_environment-10.0.beta0] Successfully built sagemath-environment-10.0b0.tar.gz and sagemath_environment-10.0b0-py3-none-any.whl
[sagemath_environment-10.0.beta0] WARNING: The directory '/github/home/.cache/pip' or its parent directory is not owned or is not writable by the current user. The cache has been disabled. Check the permissions and owner of that directory. If executing pip with sudo, you should use sudo's -H flag.
[sagemath_environment-10.0.beta0] WARNING: Skipping sagemath_environment as it is not installed.
[sagemath_environment-10.0.beta0] ls: cannot access 'Using pip 22.3.1 from /sage/local/var/lib/sage/venv-python3.8/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pip (python 3.8)'$'\n''Looking in links: /sage/local/var/lib/sage/venv-python3.8/var/lib/sage/wheels'$'\n''Processing /sage/local/var/lib/sage/venv-python3.8/var/lib/sage/wheels/sagemath_environment-10.0b0-py3-none-any.whl'$'\n''Installing collected packages: sagemath-environment'$'\n''Successfully installed sagemath-environment-10.0b0'$'\n''/sage/local/var/lib/sage/venv-python3.8/var/lib/sage/wheels/sagemath_environment-10.0b0-py3-none-any.whl': No such file or directory
[sagemath_environment-10.0.beta0] using tox.ini: /__w/sage/sage/pkgs/sagemath-environment/tox.ini (pid 25775)
[sagemath_environment-10.0.beta0] using tox-3.27.0 from /sage/local/var/lib/sage/venv-python3.8/lib/python3.8/site-packages/tox/__init__.py (pid 25775)
[sagemath_environment-10.0.beta0] Traceback (most recent call last):
[sagemath_environment-10.0.beta0]   File "/sage/local/var/lib/sage/venv-python3.8/lib/python3.8/site-packages/py/_error.py", line 66, in checked_call
[sagemath_environment-10.0.beta0]     return func(*args, **kwargs)
[sagemath_environment-10.0.beta0] FileNotFoundError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: '/__w/sage/sage/pkgs/sagemath-environment/Using'

[mkoeppe]

[sagemath_objects-10.0.beta0] Processing /sage/local/var/lib/sage/venv-python3.8/var/lib/sage/wheels/Cython-0.29.32-cp38-cp38-linux_x86_64.whl
[sagemath_objects-10.0.beta0] ERROR: Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement sage-setup~=10.0b0 (from versions: none)
[sagemath_objects-10.0.beta0] ERROR: No matching distribution found for sage-setup~=10.0b0

(sage-setup was not built as a wheel)

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

Base: 88.57% // Head: 88.59% // Increases project coverage by +0.01% 🎉

Coverage data is based on head (09bfd32) compared to base (52a81cb).
Patch has no changes to coverable lines.

Additional details and impacted files

@@             Coverage Diff             @@
##           develop   #35143      +/-   ##
===========================================
+ Coverage    88.57%   88.59%   +0.01%     
===========================================
  Files         2140     2140              
  Lines       397273   397273              
===========================================
+ Hits        351891   351963      +72     
+ Misses       45382    45310      -72     

Impacted Files	Coverage Δ
src/sage/combinat/combination.py	93.50% <0.00%> (-1.50%)	⬇️
src/sage/groups/generic.py	88.34% <0.00%> (-0.68%)	⬇️
src/sage/modular/modform/numerical.py	94.19% <0.00%> (-0.65%)	⬇️
...sage/geometry/hyperbolic_space/hyperbolic_model.py	88.95% <0.00%> (-0.62%)	⬇️
src/sage/doctest/forker.py	80.24% <0.00%> (-0.54%)	⬇️
src/sage/graphs/generators/random.py	91.95% <0.00%> (-0.52%)	⬇️
...e/combinat/cluster_algebra_quiver/mutation_type.py	51.66% <0.00%> (-0.48%)	⬇️
src/sage/doctest/reporting.py	74.45% <0.00%> (-0.44%)	⬇️
src/sage/cpython/_py2_random.py	76.03% <0.00%> (-0.42%)	⬇️
src/sage/modular/arithgroup/arithgroup_perm.py	92.57% <0.00%> (-0.38%)	⬇️
... and 23 more

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[github-actions]

Documentation preview for this PR is ready! 🎉
Built with commit: 09bfd32

[kwankyu]

After make distclean, ./bootstrap && ./configure && make -j4 failed. It just failed. There is no log that I can report...

[kwankyu]

I checked again. By "no log", I mean

...
[numpy-1.23.5] Finished installing numpy-1.23.5
make[2]: *** [all-start] Error 2

real	28m53.666s
user	95m30.385s
sys	18m20.515s
***************************************************************
Error building Sage.

The following package(s) may have failed to build (not necessarily
during this run of 'make all-start'):

It is safe to delete any log files and build directories, but they
contain information that is helpful for debugging build problems.
WARNING: If you now run 'make' again, the build directory of the
same version of the package will, by default, be deleted. Set the
environment variable SAGE_KEEP_BUILT_SPKGS=yes to prevent this.

make[1]: *** [all-start] Error 1
make: *** [all] Error 2

I don't know what went wrong.

[mkoeppe]

Thanks for testing! I'll merge current develop and take a look.

[mkoeppe]

Closing; better version in #35095.