Quiet Riot

🎶 C'mon, Feel The Noise 🎶

An enumeration tool for scalable, unauthenticated validation of AWS, Azure, and GCP principals; including AWS Acccount IDs, root e-mail addresses, users, and roles, Azure Active Directory Users, and Google Workspace Users/E-mails.

Credit: Daniel Grzelak @dagrz for identifying the technique and Will Bengston @__muscles for inspiring me to scale it.

See the introductory blog post here.
See a defender's perspective blog post here.

Getting Started With Quiet Riot

Prerequisites

boto3/botocore
Sufficient AWS credentials configured via CLI (if performing AWS scan - it is still unauthenticated, but you will need to provision resources)

Installation:

First step is to have sufficient AWS credentials configured via CLI. If you do not have your own AWS acccount or sufficient credentials in an AWS account, Quiet Riot will not work.

Create the virtual environment, or you can directly install the quiet_riot pkg using pip.

For installing this package you can run the command pip install quiet-riot. After installing the package you can run the command quiet_riot --help

Usage:

Arguments for quiet_riot are --scan_type, --threads, --wordlist, --profile

You can provide values for arguments required to run this package. Must require argument is scan_type.

for e.g quiet_riot --scan_type 3 --threads 30 --wordlist C:\path_to_wordlist_file --profile righteousgambit

Or you can use the short form for arguments as well like --s, --t, --w, --p

--scan_type, --s

What type of scan do you want to attempt? Enter the type of scan for example

         1. AWS Account IDs
         2. Microsoft 365 Domains
         3. AWS Services Footprinting
         4. AWS Root User E-mail Address
         5. AWS IAM Principals
            4.1. IAM Roles
            4.2. IAM Users
         6. Microsoft 365 Users (e-mails)
         7. Google Workspace Users (e-mails)

--threads, --t

For number of threads you have to provide the number for e.g 23 , 30 90 etc. Approximately how many threads do you think you want to run?

Hint: 2020 M1 Macbook Air w/ 16 GB RAM optimizes @ around 700 threads from limited testing.

--wordlist, --w

Path to the world list file which will be required for scan.

--profile, --p

Provide the name of aws profile configured through cli for e.g Default,Dev

Featureploitation Limits

Throttling

After performing extensive analysis of scaling methods using the AWS Python (Boto3) SDK, I was able to determine that the bottleneck for scanning (at least for Python and awscli -based tools) is I/O capacity of a single-threaded Python application. After modifying the program to run with multiple threads, I was able to trigger exceptions in individual threads due to throttling by the various AWS APIs. You can see the results from running a few benchmarking test scans here. APIs that I tested had wildly different throttling limits and notably, s3 bucket policy attempts took ~10x as long as similar attempts against other services.

With further testing, I settled on a combination of SNS, ECR-Public, and ECR-Private services running in US-East-1 in ~40%/50%/10% configuration split with ~700 threads. The machine I used was a 2020 Macbook Air (M1 and 16 GB RAM). This configuration yielded on average ~1100 calls/sec, though the actual number of calls can fluctuate significantly depending on a variety of factors including network connectivity. Under these configurations, I did occasionally throw an exception on a thread from throttling...but I have subsequently configured additional re-try attempts (4 -> 7) via botocore that will eliminate this issue with a minor performance trade-off.

Computational Difficulty

To attempt every possible Account ID in AWS (1,000,000,000,000) would require an infeasible amount of time given only one account. Even assuming absolute efficiency*, over the course of a day an attacker will only be able to make 95,040,000 validation checks from their local machine. Over 30 days, this is 2,851,200,000 validation checks and we are still over 28 years away from enumerating every valid AWS Account ID. Fortunately, there is nothing stopping us from registering many AWS accounts and automating this scan. While there is an initial limit of 20 accounts per AWS organization, I was able to get this limit increased for my Organization via console self-service and approval from an AWS representative. The approval occured without any further questions and now I'm off to automating this writ large. Again, assuming absolute efficiency, the 28 years of scanning to exhaust the account ID space could potentially be reduced down a few days or hours.

*~1100 API calls/check per second in perpetuity per account and never repeating a guessed Account ID.

Potential Supported AWS Services

#	AWS Service	Description	API Limits	Resource Pricing	Enumeration Capability
1	SNS	Managed Serverless Notification Service	Unknown	Unknown	Yes
2	KMS	Encryption Key Management Service	Unknown	Unknown	Yes
3	SecretsManager	Managed Secret Store	Unknown	Unknown	Yes
4	CodeArtifact	Managed Source Code Repository	Unknown	Unknown	Yes
5	ECR Public	Managed Container Registry	Unknown	Unknown	Yes
6	ECR Private	Managed Container Registry	Unknown	Unknown	Yes
7	Lambda	Managed Serverless Function	Unknown	Unknown	Yes
8	s3	Managed Serverless Object Store	Unknown	Unknown	Yes
9	SES	SMTP Automation Service	Unknown	Unknown	Unknown
10	ACM	Private Certificate Authority	Unknown	Unknown	Unknown
11	CodeBuild	Software Build Agent	Unknown	Unknown	Unknown
12	AWS Backup	Managed Backup Service	Unknown	Unknown	Unknown
13	Cloud9	Managed IDE	Unknown	Unknown	Unknown
14	Glue	Managed ETL Job Service	Unknown	Unknown	Unknown
15	EKS	Managed K8s Service	Unknown	Unknown	Unknown
16	Lex V2	Managed NLP Service	Unknown	Unknown	Unknown
17	CloudWatch Logs	Managed Log Pipeline/Monitoring	Unknown	Unknown	Unknown
18	VPC Endpoints	Managed Virtual Network	Unknown	Unknown	Unknown
19	Elemental MediaStore	Unknown	Unknown	Unknown	Unknown
20	OpenSearch	Managed ElasticSearch	Unknown	Unknown	Unknown
21	EventBridge	Managed Serverless Event Hub	Unknown	Unknown	Unknown
22	EventBridge Schemas	Managed Serverless Event Hub	Unknown	Unknown	Unknown
23	IoT	Internet-of-Things Management	Unknown	Unknown	Unknown
24	s3 Glacier	Cold Object Storage	Unknown	Unknown	Unknown
25	ECS	Managed Container Orchestration	Unknown	Unknown	Unknown
26	Serverless Application Repository	Managed Source Code Repository	Unknown	Unknown	No
27	SQS	Managed Serverless Queueing Service	Unknown	Unknown	No
28	EFS	Managed Serverless Elastic File System	Unknown	Unknown	No