Merge remote-tracking branch 'upstream/master' into feature/py_move_s…

…hared

.travis.yml

@@ -193,9 +193,10 @@ install:
         ${PYPY:+--extra-index-url https://imaginary.ca/trusty-pypi}
     echo "done."
 
-    wget -q -O eigen.tar.gz https://bitbucket.org/eigen/eigen/get/3.3.3.tar.gz
-    tar xzf eigen.tar.gz
-    export CMAKE_INCLUDE_PATH="${CMAKE_INCLUDE_PATH:+$CMAKE_INCLUDE_PATH:}$PWD/eigen-eigen-67e894c6cd8f"
+    mkdir eigen
+    curl -fsSL https://bitbucket.org/eigen/eigen/get/3.3.4.tar.bz2 | \
+        tar --extract -j --directory=eigen --strip-components=1
+    export CMAKE_INCLUDE_PATH="${CMAKE_INCLUDE_PATH:+$CMAKE_INCLUDE_PATH:}$PWD/eigen"
   fi
   set +e
 script:

CONTRIBUTING.md

@@ -30,8 +30,18 @@ adhere to the following rules to make the process as smooth as possible:
 * This project has a strong focus on providing general solutions using a
   minimal amount of code, thus small pull requests are greatly preferred.
 
-### License
+### Licensing of contributions
 
 pybind11 is provided under a BSD-style license that can be found in the
 ``LICENSE`` file. By using, distributing, or contributing to this project, you
 agree to the terms and conditions of this license.
+
+You are under no obligation whatsoever to provide any bug fixes, patches, or
+upgrades to the features, functionality or performance of the source code
+("Enhancements") to anyone; however, if you choose to make your Enhancements
+available either publicly, or directly to the author of this software, without
+imposing a separate written license agreement for such Enhancements, then you
+hereby grant the following license: a non-exclusive, royalty-free perpetual
+license to install, use, modify, prepare derivative works, incorporate into
+other computer software, distribute, and sublicense such enhancements or
+derivative works thereof, in binary and source code form.

LICENSE

@@ -25,12 +25,5 @@ CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
 OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
 OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 
-You are under no obligation whatsoever to provide any bug fixes, patches, or
-upgrades to the features, functionality or performance of the source code
-("Enhancements") to anyone; however, if you choose to make your Enhancements
-available either publicly, or directly to the author of this software, without
-imposing a separate written license agreement for such Enhancements, then you
-hereby grant the following license: a non-exclusive, royalty-free perpetual
-license to install, use, modify, prepare derivative works, incorporate into
-other computer software, distribute, and sublicense such enhancements or
-derivative works thereof, in binary and source code form.
+Please also refer to the file CONTRIBUTING.md, which clarifies licensing of
+external contributions to this project including patches, pull requests, etc.

docs/advanced/misc.rst

@@ -216,6 +216,21 @@ avoids this issue involves weak reference with a cleanup callback:
     // Create a weak reference with a cleanup callback and initially leak it
     (void) py::weakref(m.attr("BaseClass"), cleanup_callback).release();
 
+.. note::
+
+    PyPy (at least version 5.9) does not garbage collect objects when the
+    interpreter exits. An alternative approach (which also works on CPython) is to use
+    the :py:mod:`atexit` module [#f7]_, for example:
+
+    .. code-block:: cpp
+
+        auto atexit = py::module::import("atexit");
+        atexit.attr("register")(py::cpp_function([]() {
+            // perform cleanup here -- this function is called with the GIL held
+        }));
+
+    .. [#f7] https://docs.python.org/3/library/atexit.html
+
 
 Generating documentation using Sphinx
 =====================================

docs/changelog.rst

@@ -18,6 +18,9 @@ v2.3.0 (Not yet released)
 * Added support for write only properties.
   `#1144 <https://github.com/pybind/pybind11/pull/1144>`_.
 
+* The ``value()``  method of ``py::enum_`` now accepts an optional docstring
+  that will be shown in the documentation of the associated enumeration.
+
 v2.2.1 (September 14, 2017)
 -----------------------------------------------------
 

docs/faq.rst

@@ -241,3 +241,19 @@ Common gotchas to watch out for involve not ``free()``-ing memory region
 that that were ``malloc()``-ed in another shared library, using data
 structures with incompatible ABIs, and so on. pybind11 is very careful not
 to make these types of mistakes.
+
+How to cite this project?
+=========================
+
+We suggest the following BibTeX template to cite pybind11 in scientific
+discourse:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+    @misc{pybind11,
+       author = {Wenzel Jakob and Jason Rhinelander and Dean Moldovan},
+       year = {2017},
+       note = {https://github.com/pybind/pybind11},
+       title = {pybind11 -- Seamless operability between C++11 and Python}
+    }
+

include/pybind11/cast.h

@@ -1097,11 +1097,12 @@ struct type_caster<T, enable_if_t<std::is_arithmetic<T>::value && !is_std_char_t
     static handle cast(T src, return_value_policy /* policy */, handle /* parent */) {
         if (std::is_floating_point<T>::value) {
             return PyFloat_FromDouble((double) src);
-        } else if (sizeof(T) <= sizeof(long)) {
+        } else if (sizeof(T) <= sizeof(ssize_t)) {
+            // This returns a long automatically if needed
             if (std::is_signed<T>::value)
-                return PyLong_FromLong((long) src);
+                return PYBIND11_LONG_FROM_SIGNED(src);
             else
-                return PyLong_FromUnsignedLong((unsigned long) src);
+                return PYBIND11_LONG_FROM_UNSIGNED(src);
         } else {
             if (std::is_signed<T>::value)
                 return PyLong_FromLongLong((long long) src);
@@ -1864,7 +1865,7 @@ template <typename T, typename SFINAE> type_caster<T, SFINAE> &load_type(type_ca
         throw cast_error("Unable to cast Python instance to C++ type (compile in debug mode for details)");
 #else
         throw cast_error("Unable to cast Python instance of type " +
-            (std::string) str(handle.get_type()) + " to C++ type '" + type_id<T>() + "''");
+            (std::string) str(handle.get_type()) + " to C++ type '" + type_id<T>() + "'");
 #endif
     }
     return conv;

include/pybind11/complex.h

@@ -25,9 +25,13 @@ template <typename T> struct format_descriptor<std::complex<T>, detail::enable_i
     static std::string format() { return std::string(value); }
 };
 
+#ifndef PYBIND11_CPP17
+
 template <typename T> constexpr const char format_descriptor<
     std::complex<T>, detail::enable_if_t<std::is_floating_point<T>::value>>::value[3];
 
+#endif
+
 NAMESPACE_BEGIN(detail)
 
 template <typename T> struct is_fmt_numeric<std::complex<T>, detail::enable_if_t<std::is_floating_point<T>::value>> {

include/pybind11/detail/common.h

@@ -158,6 +158,8 @@
 #define PYBIND11_BYTES_SIZE PyBytes_Size
 #define PYBIND11_LONG_CHECK(o) PyLong_Check(o)
 #define PYBIND11_LONG_AS_LONGLONG(o) PyLong_AsLongLong(o)
+#define PYBIND11_LONG_FROM_SIGNED(o) PyLong_FromSsize_t((ssize_t) o)
+#define PYBIND11_LONG_FROM_UNSIGNED(o) PyLong_FromSize_t((size_t) o)
 #define PYBIND11_BYTES_NAME "bytes"
 #define PYBIND11_STRING_NAME "str"
 #define PYBIND11_SLICE_OBJECT PyObject
@@ -180,6 +182,8 @@
 #define PYBIND11_BYTES_SIZE PyString_Size
 #define PYBIND11_LONG_CHECK(o) (PyInt_Check(o) || PyLong_Check(o))
 #define PYBIND11_LONG_AS_LONGLONG(o) (PyInt_Check(o) ? (long long) PyLong_AsLong(o) : PyLong_AsLongLong(o))
+#define PYBIND11_LONG_FROM_SIGNED(o) PyInt_FromSsize_t((ssize_t) o) // Returns long if needed.
+#define PYBIND11_LONG_FROM_UNSIGNED(o) PyInt_FromSize_t((size_t) o) // Returns long if needed.
 #define PYBIND11_BYTES_NAME "str"
 #define PYBIND11_STRING_NAME "unicode"
 #define PYBIND11_SLICE_OBJECT PySliceObject
@@ -803,9 +807,13 @@ template <typename T> struct format_descriptor<T, detail::enable_if_t<std::is_ar
     static std::string format() { return std::string(1, c); }
 };
 
+#if !defined(PYBIND11_CPP17)
+
 template <typename T> constexpr const char format_descriptor<
     T, detail::enable_if_t<std::is_arithmetic<T>::value>>::value[2];
 
+#endif
+
 /// RAII wrapper that temporarily clears any Python error state
 struct error_scope {
     PyObject *type, *value, *trace;

include/pybind11/eigen.h

@@ -17,6 +17,11 @@
 #  pragma GCC diagnostic push
 #  pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wconversion"
 #  pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wdeprecated-declarations"
+#  ifdef __clang__
+//   Eigen generates a bunch of implicit-copy-constructor-is-deprecated warnings with -Wdeprecated
+//   under Clang, so disable that warning here:
+#    pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wdeprecated"
+#  endif
 #  if __GNUC__ >= 7
 #    pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wint-in-bool-context"
 #  endif

include/pybind11/pybind11.h

@@ -1708,15 +1708,30 @@ template <typename Type> class enum_ : public class_<Type> {
         auto m_entries_ptr = m_entries.inc_ref().ptr();
         def("__repr__", [name, m_entries_ptr](Type value) -> pybind11::str {
             for (const auto &kv : reinterpret_borrow<dict>(m_entries_ptr)) {
-                if (pybind11::cast<Type>(kv.second) == value)
+                if (pybind11::cast<Type>(kv.second[int_(0)]) == value)
                     return pybind11::str("{}.{}").format(name, kv.first);
             }
             return pybind11::str("{}.???").format(name);
         });
-        def_property_readonly_static("__members__", [m_entries_ptr](object /* self */) {
+        def_property_readonly_static("__doc__", [m_entries_ptr](handle self) {
+            std::string docstring;
+            const char *tp_doc = ((PyTypeObject *) self.ptr())->tp_doc;
+            if (tp_doc)
+                docstring += std::string(tp_doc) + "\n\n";
+            docstring += "Members:";
+            for (const auto &kv : reinterpret_borrow<dict>(m_entries_ptr)) {
+                auto key = std::string(pybind11::str(kv.first));
+                auto comment = kv.second[int_(1)];
+                docstring += "\n\n  " + key;
+                if (!comment.is_none())
+                    docstring += " : " + (std::string) pybind11::str(comment);
+            }
+            return docstring;
+        });
+        def_property_readonly_static("__members__", [m_entries_ptr](handle /* self */) {
             dict m;
             for (const auto &kv : reinterpret_borrow<dict>(m_entries_ptr))
-                m[kv.first] = kv.second;
+                m[kv.first] = kv.second[int_(0)];
             return m;
         }, return_value_policy::copy);
         def(init([](Scalar i) { return static_cast<Type>(i); }));
@@ -1764,15 +1779,15 @@ template <typename Type> class enum_ : public class_<Type> {
     /// Export enumeration entries into the parent scope
     enum_& export_values() {
         for (const auto &kv : m_entries)
-            m_parent.attr(kv.first) = kv.second;
+            m_parent.attr(kv.first) = kv.second[int_(0)];
         return *this;
     }
 
     /// Add an enumeration entry
-    enum_& value(char const* name, Type value) {
+    enum_& value(char const* name, Type value, const char *doc = nullptr) {
         auto v = pybind11::cast(value, return_value_policy::copy);
         this->attr(name) = v;
-        m_entries[pybind11::str(name)] = v;
+        m_entries[pybind11::str(name)] = std::make_pair(v, doc);
         return *this;
     }
 

include/pybind11/pytypes.h

@@ -296,6 +296,9 @@ class error_already_set : public std::runtime_error {
         PyErr_Fetch(&type.ptr(), &value.ptr(), &trace.ptr());
     }
 
+    error_already_set(const error_already_set &) = default;
+    error_already_set(error_already_set &&) = default;
+
     inline ~error_already_set();
 
     /// Give the currently-held error back to Python, if any.  If there is currently a Python error

tests/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ function(pybind11_enable_warnings target_name)
   if(MSVC)
     target_compile_options(${target_name} PRIVATE /W4)
   else()
-      target_compile_options(${target_name} PRIVATE -Wall -Wextra -Wconversion -Wcast-qual)
+      target_compile_options(${target_name} PRIVATE -Wall -Wextra -Wconversion -Wcast-qual -Wdeprecated)
   endif()
 
   if(PYBIND11_WERROR)

tests/test_builtin_casters.cpp

@@ -155,4 +155,9 @@ TEST_SUBMODULE(builtin_casters, m) {
     // test_complex
     m.def("complex_cast", [](float x) { return "{}"_s.format(x); });
     m.def("complex_cast", [](std::complex<float> x) { return "({}, {})"_s.format(x.real(), x.imag()); });
+
+    // test int vs. long (Python 2)
+    m.def("int_cast", []() {return (int) 42;});
+    m.def("long_cast", []() {return (long) 42;});
+    m.def("longlong_cast", []() {return  ULLONG_MAX;});
 }

tests/test_builtin_casters.py

@@ -323,3 +323,16 @@ def test_numpy_bool():
     assert convert(np.bool_(False)) is False
     assert noconvert(np.bool_(True)) is True
     assert noconvert(np.bool_(False)) is False
+
+
+def test_int_long():
+    """In Python 2, a C++ int should return a Python int rather than long
+    if possible: longs are not always accepted where ints are used (such
+    as the argument to sys.exit()). A C++ long long is always a Python
+    long."""
+
+    import sys
+    must_be_long = type(getattr(sys, 'maxint', 1) + 1)
+    assert isinstance(m.int_cast(), int)
+    assert isinstance(m.long_cast(), int)
+    assert isinstance(m.longlong_cast(), must_be_long)

tests/test_call_policies.cpp

@@ -36,6 +36,8 @@ TEST_SUBMODULE(call_policies, m) {
     class Child {
     public:
         Child() { py::print("Allocating child."); }
+        Child(const Child &) = default;
+        Child(Child &&) = default;
         ~Child() { py::print("Releasing child."); }
     };
     py::class_<Child>(m, "Child")

tests/test_class.cpp

@@ -14,6 +14,9 @@
 TEST_SUBMODULE(class_, m) {
     // test_instance
     struct NoConstructor {
+        NoConstructor() = default;
+        NoConstructor(const NoConstructor &) = default;
+        NoConstructor(NoConstructor &&) = default;
         static NoConstructor *new_instance() {
             auto *ptr = new NoConstructor();
             print_created(ptr, "via new_instance");
@@ -82,7 +85,12 @@ TEST_SUBMODULE(class_, m) {
     m.def("dog_bark", [](const Dog &dog) { return dog.bark(); });
 
     // test_automatic_upcasting
-    struct BaseClass { virtual ~BaseClass() {} };
+    struct BaseClass {
+        BaseClass() = default;
+        BaseClass(const BaseClass &) = default;
+        BaseClass(BaseClass &&) = default;
+        virtual ~BaseClass() {}
+    };
     struct DerivedClass1 : BaseClass { };
     struct DerivedClass2 : BaseClass { };
 

tests/test_constants_and_functions.cpp

@@ -49,16 +49,30 @@ namespace test_exc_sp {
 int f1(int x) noexcept { return x+1; }
 int f2(int x) noexcept(true) { return x+2; }
 int f3(int x) noexcept(false) { return x+3; }
+#if defined(__GNUG__)
+#  pragma GCC diagnostic push
+#  pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wdeprecated"
+#endif
 int f4(int x) throw() { return x+4; } // Deprecated equivalent to noexcept(true)
+#if defined(__GNUG__)
+#  pragma GCC diagnostic pop
+#endif
 struct C {
     int m1(int x) noexcept { return x-1; }
     int m2(int x) const noexcept { return x-2; }
     int m3(int x) noexcept(true) { return x-3; }
     int m4(int x) const noexcept(true) { return x-4; }
     int m5(int x) noexcept(false) { return x-5; }
     int m6(int x) const noexcept(false) { return x-6; }
+#if defined(__GNUG__)
+#  pragma GCC diagnostic push
+#  pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wdeprecated"
+#endif
     int m7(int x) throw() { return x-7; }
     int m8(int x) const throw() { return x-8; }
+#if defined(__GNUG__)
+#  pragma GCC diagnostic pop
+#endif
 };
 }
 

tests/test_enum.cpp

@@ -15,9 +15,9 @@ TEST_SUBMODULE(enums, m) {
         EOne = 1,
         ETwo
     };
-    py::enum_<UnscopedEnum>(m, "UnscopedEnum", py::arithmetic())
-        .value("EOne", EOne)
-        .value("ETwo", ETwo)
+    py::enum_<UnscopedEnum>(m, "UnscopedEnum", py::arithmetic(), "An unscoped enumeration")
+        .value("EOne", EOne, "Docstring for EOne")
+        .value("ETwo", ETwo, "Docstring for ETwo")
         .export_values();
 
     // test_scoped_enum

tests/test_enum.py

@@ -18,6 +18,22 @@ def test_unscoped_enum():
     assert m.UnscopedEnum.__members__ == \
         {"EOne": m.UnscopedEnum.EOne, "ETwo": m.UnscopedEnum.ETwo}
 
+    assert m.UnscopedEnum.__doc__ == \
+        '''An unscoped enumeration
+
+Members:
+
+  EOne : Docstring for EOne
+
+  ETwo : Docstring for ETwo''' or m.UnscopedEnum.__doc__ == \
+        '''An unscoped enumeration
+
+Members:
+
+  ETwo : Docstring for ETwo
+
+  EOne : Docstring for EOne'''
+
     # no TypeError exception for unscoped enum ==/!= int comparisons
     y = m.UnscopedEnum.ETwo
     assert y == 2

tests/test_factory_constructors.cpp

@@ -285,6 +285,7 @@ TEST_SUBMODULE(factory_constructors, m) {
     // test_reallocations
     // Class that has verbose operator_new/operator_delete calls
     struct NoisyAlloc {
+        NoisyAlloc(const NoisyAlloc &) = default;
         NoisyAlloc(int i) { py::print(py::str("NoisyAlloc(int {})").format(i)); }
         NoisyAlloc(double d) { py::print(py::str("NoisyAlloc(double {})").format(d)); }
         ~NoisyAlloc() { py::print("~NoisyAlloc()"); }