feat(rust): Expose a few more expression nodes in the expression IR

[wence-]

A bunch of "easy" nodes that complete coverage for translation of some useful benchmark queries.

Also, sends through the should_broadcast projection option that was introduced in #16682

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 3.57143% with 27 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 81.29%. Comparing base (616b2e0) to head (f8a030b).
Report is 23 commits behind head on main.

Files	Patch %	Lines
py-polars/src/lazyframe/visitor/expr_nodes.rs	0.00%	23 Missing ⚠️
py-polars/src/lazyframe/visitor/nodes.rs	0.00%	4 Missing ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main   #16781      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   81.44%   81.29%   -0.15%     
==========================================
  Files        1413     1424      +11     
  Lines      186199   187224    +1025     
  Branches     2776     2714      -62     
==========================================
+ Hits       151654   152211     +557     
- Misses      34025    34516     +491     
+ Partials      520      497      -23     

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[wence-]

Failure looks like a temporary GHA network blip.

[stinodego]

Failure looks like a temporary GHA network blip.

Yes, this is failing a lot today. You can ignore it!