core: fix missing update on nested generated column (#55829)

[ti-chi-bot]

This is an automated cherry-pick of #55829

What problem does this PR solve?

Issue Number: close #53967

Problem Summary:
IF:
Virtual generated column B depends on A
Virtual generated column C depends on B
Index idx on C.
Update A should update index idx too.

but the dependence C on B is not built correctly.

What changed and how does it work?

Build dependence correctly.

Check List

Tests

• Unit test
• Integration test
• Manual test (add detailed scripts or steps below)
• No need to test

  • I checked and no code files have been changed.

Side effects

• Performance regression: Consumes more CPU
• Performance regression: Consumes more Memory
• Breaking backward compatibility

Documentation

• Affects user behaviors
• Contains syntax changes
• Contains variable changes
• Contains experimental features
• Changes MySQL compatibility

Release note

Please refer to Release Notes Language Style Guide to write a quality release note.

None

[ti-chi-bot]

[APPROVALNOTIFIER] This PR is APPROVED

This pull-request has been approved by: fzzf678, wjhuang2016

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• OWNERS [wjhuang2016]

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[ti-chi-bot]

[LGTM Timeline notifier]

Timeline:

• 2024-09-05 09:32:31.746023703 +0000 UTC m=+523276.264076627: ☑️ agreed by wjhuang2016.
• 2024-09-05 09:33:24.772399596 +0000 UTC m=+523329.290452520: ☑️ agreed by fzzf678.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

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Additional details and impacted files

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