schema cache: record the ddl timestamp and associate schema cache with the timestamp for stale read (#42083)

[crazycs520]

What problem does this PR solve?

Issue Number: ref #43481

Problem Summary: cherry-pick:

• schema cache: record the ddl timestamp and associate schema cache with the timestamp for stale read #42083
• domain: fix empty mvcc info #42745
• schema cache: fix wrong timestamp in schema cache #46326

What is changed and how it works?

Check List

Tests

• Unit test
• Integration test
• Manual test (add detailed scripts or steps below)
• No code

Side effects

• Performance regression: Consumes more CPU
• Performance regression: Consumes more Memory
• Breaking backward compatibility

Documentation

• Affects user behaviors
• Contains syntax changes
• Contains variable changes
• Contains experimental features
• Changes MySQL compatibility

Release note

Please refer to Release Notes Language Style Guide to write a quality release note.

None

[tiprow]

Hi @crazycs520. Thanks for your PR.

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[codecov]

Codecov Report

❗ No coverage uploaded for pull request base (release-6.5@d7ce2f2). Click here to learn what that means.
The diff coverage is n/a.

Additional details and impacted files

@@               Coverage Diff                @@
##             release-6.5     #46588   +/-   ##
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  Hits                   ?     256544           
  Misses                 ?      75156           
  Partials               ?      16459           

[crazycs520]

@xhebox PTAL

[ti-chi-bot]

[APPROVALNOTIFIER] This PR is APPROVED

This pull-request has been approved by: xhebox, you06

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[ti-chi-bot]

[LGTM Timeline notifier]

Timeline:

• 2023-09-01 06:12:24.789405005 +0000 UTC m=+2080309.338420977: ☑️ agreed by xhebox.
• 2023-09-01 07:48:34.591864965 +0000 UTC m=+2086079.140880947: ☑️ agreed by you06.

[crazycs520]

/test mysql-test

[tiprow]

@crazycs520: Cannot trigger testing until a trusted user reviews the PR and leaves an /ok-to-test message.

In response to this:

/test mysql-test

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