[CI/CD] Add a pipeline to build binaries in different profiles #20204

Job	Run time
check-dependency-rules	8s
check-fail-ci	15s
check-markdown	16s
check-workspace	21s
check-readme	3m 18s
preflight / preflight	1m 25s
preflight / ci-versions	58s
fmt	1m 7s
check-rust-feature-propagation	2m 3s
check-toml-format	1m 6s
check-umbrella	2m 3s
test-rust-features	1m 57s
All quick checks passed	1s
	14m 58s

Provide feedback