resty-cli - Fancy command-line utilities for OpenResty.
The resty command-line utility can be used to run OpenResty's Lua scripts directly off the command-line just like the lua or luajit command-line utilities. It can be used to create various command-line utilities using OpenResty Lua.
This tool works by creating a head-less nginx instance,
disabling daemon, master_process, access_log, and other things it does
not need. No server {} is configured hence no listening sockets
are involved at all.
The Lua code is initiated by the init_worker_by_lua
directive and run in the context of ngx.timer callback. So all of
ngx_lua's Lua APIs available in the ngx.timer callback context are
also available in the resty utility. We may remove some of the
remaining limitations in the future though.
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YouTube video "OpenResty's resty Command-Line Utility Demo"
You are welcome to subscribe to our official YouTube channel, OpenResty.
$ export PATH=/usr/local/openresty/bin:$PATH
$ which resty
/usr/local/openresty/bin/resty
$ resty -h
resty [options] [lua-file [args]]
Options:
-c NUM Set maximal connection count (default: 64).
-e PROG Run the inlined Lua code in "prog".
--errlog-level LEVEL
Set nginx error_log level.
Can be debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit, alert,
or emerg.
--gdb Use GDB to run the underlying nginx C process.
--gdb-opts OPTS Pass extra command-line options to GDB.
--help Print this help.
--http-conf CONF Specifies nginx.conf snippet inserted into the http {}
configuration block (multiple instances are supported).
--http-include PATH Include the specified file in the nginx http
configuration block (multiple instances are supported).
-I DIR Add dir to the search paths for Lua libraries.
-j dump Use LuaJIT's jit.dump module to output detailed info of
the traces generated by the JIT compiler.
-j off Turn off the LuaJIT JIT compiler.
-j v Use LuaJIT's jit.v module to output brief info of the
traces generated by the JIT compiler.
-l LIB Require library "lib".
--main-conf CONF Specifies nginx.conf snippet inserted into the nginx
main {} configuration block (multiple instances are
supported).
--main-include PATH Include the specified file in the nginx main
configuration block (multiple instances are supported).
--nginx Specify the nginx path (this option might be removed
in the future).
--no-stream Disable the stream {} configuration in auto-generated
nginx.conf.
--ns IP Specify a custom name server (multiple instances are
supported).
--resolve-ipv6 Make the nginx resolver lookup both IPv4 and IPv6
addresses.
--rr Use Mozilla rr to record the execution of the
underlying nginx C process.
--shdict 'NAME SIZE'
Create the specified lua shared dicts in the http
configuration block (multiple instances are supported).
--stap
Use sysetmtap to run the underlying nginx C process.
--stap-opts OPTS
Pass extra systemtap command line options.
-V Print version numbers and nginx configurations.
--valgrind Use valgrind to run nginx.
--valgrind-opts OPTS
Pass extra options to valgrind.
For bug reporting instructions, please see:
<https://openresty.org/en/community.html>
Copyright (C) Yichun Zhang (agentzh). All rights reserved.
$ resty -e 'print("hello")'
hello
$ time resty -e 'ngx.sleep(3) print("done\n")'
done
real 0m3.085s
user 0m0.071s
sys 0m0.010s
$ resty -e 'ngx.say(ngx.md5("hello"))'
5d41402abc4b2a76b9719d911017c592
$ resty -e 'io.stderr:write("hello world\n")' > /dev/null
hello world
To run the code example in lua-resty-mysql's "Synopsis" documentation section:
$ resty mysql-example.lua
connected to mysql.
table cats created.
3 rows inserted into table cats (last insert id: 1)
result: [{"name":"Bob","id":"1"},{"name":"","id":"2"},{"name":null,"id":"3"}]
where mysql-example.lua is from lua-resty-mysql's docs.
Stdin also works (in addition to stdout and stderr):
$ resty -e 'print("got: ", io.stdin:read("*l"))'
hiya
got: hiya
where the first "hiya" line was entered from the keyboard.
"Light threads" also work:
$ time resty -e 'local ths = {}
for i = 1, 3 do
ths[i] = ngx.thread.spawn(function ()
ngx.sleep(3) ngx.say("done ", i)
end)
end
for i = 1, #ths do ngx.thread.wait(ths[i]) end'
done 1
done 2
done 3
real 0m3.073s
user 0m0.053s
sys 0m0.015s
User command-line arguments are also passed:
$ resty -e 'print(arg[1], ", ", arg[2])' hello world
hello, world
If you need to use a shared dict:
$ resty --shdict='dogs 1m' -e 'local dict = ngx.shared.dogs
dict:set("Tom", 56)
print(dict:get("Tom"))'
56
To check version numbers:
$ resty -V
resty 0.01
nginx version: openresty/1.7.7.2
built by gcc 4.8.3 20140911 (Red Hat 4.8.3-7) (GCC)
TLS SNI support enabled
configure arguments: --prefix=/usr/local/openresty/nginx ...
When Lua scripts are run by the resty utility, the ngx.config.is_console
field will be set to true, so that the Lua scripts have a chance to know
that they are running in the console environment where stdin, stdout, stderr,
and etc are all available to them.
The resty command-line utility is bundled and enabled in OpenResty 1.7.7.2+ by
default and is installed under <openresty-prefix>/bin/ by default.
If the OpenResty prefix is the default value (/usr/local/openresty),
then you can just add /usr/local/openresty/bin to your PATH environment:
export PATH=/usr/local/openresty/bin:$PATHIf you are using the official OpenResty
pre-built Linux packages, you should install the
openresty-resty package and/or
the openresty-doc (or openresty-restydoc on
Debian/Ubuntu) package
since the openresty binary package itself does not
contain the resty or restydoc utilities.
This project comes with a test suite powered by Perl's testing toolchain.
To run the test suite on your side, first install some of the CPAN modules required by the test scaffold:
sudo cpan Test::Base IPC::RunAlso, you need to make your nginx executable visible in your PATH environment:
export PATH=/path/to/your/nginx/sbin:$PATHThen you can run the tests with the prove command provided by Perl:
prove -r tTo run an individual test file, just specify the test file on the command-line, for instance,
prove t/resty/user-args.tTo run an individual test case in a test file, just (temporarily) add the line
--- ONLY
to the end of that test block, then run that particular test file as mentioned above.
-
Yichun Zhang (agentzh) agentzh@gmail.com, CloudFlare Inc.
-
Guanlan Dai guanlan@cloudflare.com, CloudFlare Inc.
This module is licensed under the BSD license.
Copyright (C) 2014-2020, by Yichun "agentzh" Zhang (章亦春) yichun@openresty.com, OpenResty Inc. Copyright (C) 2014-2016, by Guanlan Dai.
All rights reserved.
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
-
Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
-
Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.