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type:: note | ||
tags:: Physics, Thermodynamics | ||
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- **热力学第二定律** | ||
- **自然过程的方向性** | ||
- 热全部转化为功不能自发进行。 | ||
- 热量从低温物体传递到高温物体不能自发进行。 | ||
- 气体绝热自由膨胀后,不能自发地收缩。 | ||
- 自然界中的自动发生的与热现象有关的宏观过程都具有方向性。 | ||
- **可逆过程和不可逆过程** | ||
- 系统由一个状态经过一个过程变化到另外一个状态,如果存在另一个过程使状态和外界复原,则原过程是可逆过程。 | ||
- 不可逆过程不是不能在相反方向进行的过程,而是不能自发进行。 |