Emotional Intelligence Quotient

The quality of being sensitive to and understanding of one’s own and others’ emotions and the ability to manage one’s own emotions and impulses. TA function required to deal with people from different scale and areas on regular basis where emotional intelligence play very important role.

Peter Salovey and John D. Mayer define four branches of emotional intelligence:

• Perceiving emotion – Identifying and evaluating emotions.
• Using emotion to facilitate thought - To promote and inform decision making, problem solving, and other cognitive activities.
• Understanding emotion - Interpreting complex emotions and understanding their causes.
• Regulating emotion - Tracking and managing one’s own and others’ emotion.

Daniel Goleman describes five components of EI:

• Self-Awareness - Being aware of one’s own emotions and needs and their effect.
• Self-Regulation - Learning to control and accommodate one’s emotions.
• Motivation - Passion for the job or current objective.
• Empathy - Moving from self-awareness to awareness and acceptance of the importance and legitimacy of others’ emotions.
• Social skills - The ability to create connections or rapport with others.

Culture

Culture affects everything in an organization, from the public’s perception of the organizational brand to employee job satisfaction and engagement and bottom-line profitability.

Culture is a set of beliefs, attitudes, values, and perspectives on how the world works, is invisible.

Layers of Culture

• Explicit characteristics - Language, dress, or manner.
  
• Implicit characteristics - World views and cognitive habits, which take time and experience to discover and understand.
  

Types of Organizational Cultures

• Authoritarian - Power resides with top-level management.
  
• Mechanistic - Tasks and responsibilities are defined clearly to the employees and shaped by formal rules and standard operating procedures.
  
• Participative - Collaborative decision making and group problem solving are embraced.
  
• Learning - Organizational conventions, values, practices, and processes encourage individuals to increase knowledge, competence, and performance.
  
• High-performance - Innovation, elevated performance, customer-centric strategies, relationships, communication.
  

Leadership

The ability to direct and contribute to initiatives and processes within.

• Create what is needed for organizational success.
• Motivate others to work toward a greater good.
• Adapt to changing needs of the organization.

Daniel Goleman – Six Leadership Approaches

• Coercive - Imposes a vision, team follow this directive, Effective in crisis & immediate result required, Ineffective - damage sense of ownership & motivation.
  
• Authoritative - Proposes bold vision/solutions, invite team to join challenge, Effective when no clear path & proposal is compelling, team understand their role clearly, ineffective when leader lack expertise.
  
• Affiliative - Strong relationship & encouraging feedback, high loyalty, Effective all times, especially in dysfunctional team, Infective when used alone.
• Democratic - Invite collaboration & consensus, Effective when leader lack clear vision & anticipate resistance, Infective when less time.
  
• Pacesetting - Sets high performance standards & challenge followers to meet expectations, Effective when team is highly competent & motivated, Infective lack of relationship, feedback & rewards.
  
• Coaching - Focuses on developing team & aligning goals, Effective when leader has strategic skills, good communication & motivation, receptive team members, ineffective when resistance in change and performance.
  

Design Thinking

A problem solving approach that aims to improve the lived experiences of people.

The Principles - Guide your day-to-day work by keeping your user in mind, collaborating with a diverse team, and continuously trying to improve your solutions.

Unconscious Bias

A quick and often inaccurate judgment based on limited facts and our own life experiences. Unconscious bias is not intentional.

• Groupthink - When the desire for harmony or conformity in the group results in incorrect decision-making.
  
• Affinity bias - The tendency to warm up to people who are similar to ourselves; favoring those who have things in common with us.
  
• Confirmation bias - Seeking out evidence that confirms our initial perceptions, ignoring contrary information.
  
• The Halo Effect - The tendency to think everything about a person is good because our first impression of them was good.
  
• Perception bias - The tendency to form stereotypes and assumptions about certain groups that makes it difficult to make an objective judgement about individual members of those groups.
  
• Similarity bias - When we favor or choose people who we identify as similar to us.
  
• Attribution bias - When we perceive or judge the actions of others more harshly than we would judge ourselves.
  
• Expedience bias - When we make a decision based on what comes to mind fastest, rather than being deliberate and gathering objective information.
  
• Experience bias - When we believe that everyone thinks the way we do and anyone who disagrees with us is wrong.
  
• Bias - When people values, beliefs, or prejudices distort favor or against something or someone when compared to another an inclination to think one way about a group of people or individual.