Leverage new Python API to pass python.exe path for notebook to Pylance

[debonte]

Contributes to https://github.com/microsoft/pyrx/issues/2343

When Pylance's LSP notebooks experiment is enabled, the Python extension will be responsible for starting Pylance and therefore also needs to be able to provide the python.exe path. This change leverages a new Python API called registerJupyterPythonPathFunction to hook into Pylance's config setting requests and provide the python.exe path for a notebook's kernel.

Jupyter's default behavior is unchanged. It only uses the new behavior when the experiment is enabled via the python.pylanceLspNotebooksEnabled setting.

The related Pylance changes are in this PR: https://github.com/microsoft/pyrx/pull/2382
The related Python changes will be coming soon. They are currently blocked on upgrading Python's LSP version.

@rchiodo
Happy to add unit tests if you think they would be valuable.
I didn't see any mention of Pylance in the test plan, so I didn't make any changes there.

• Pull request represents a single change (i.e. not fixing disparate/unrelated things in a single PR).
• Title summarizes what is changing.
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• Has sufficient logging.
• Has telemetry for enhancements.
• Unit tests & system/integration tests are added/updated.
• Test plan is updated as appropriate.
• package-lock.json has been regenerated by running npm install (if dependencies have changed).

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[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

Merging #9842 (1c85c7d) into main (730cb6f) will increase coverage by 0%.
The diff coverage is 100%.

@@          Coverage Diff          @@
##            main   #9842   +/-   ##
=====================================
  Coverage     63%     63%           
=====================================
  Files        216     216           
  Lines      10133   10135    +2     
  Branches    1614    1614           
=====================================
+ Hits        6480    6484    +4     
+ Misses      3134    3133    -1     
+ Partials     519     518    -1     

Impacted Files	Coverage Δ
src/platform/api/types.ts	100% <ø> (ø)
src/platform/common/types.ts	100% <ø> (ø)
src/platform/common/configSettings.ts	83% <100%> (+<1%)	⬆️
src/platform/errors/errorHandler.ts	63% <0%> (+<1%)	⬆️

[debonte]

Test failure is due to #10046