fix: avoid divide-by-zero when training an index with a large dimensi…

…on (#3426)

rust/lance-io/src/object_store.rs

@@ -501,7 +501,7 @@ impl ObjectStore {
         Self {
             inner: Arc::new(InMemory::new()).traced(),
             scheme: String::from("memory"),
-            block_size: 64 * 1024,
+            block_size: 4 * 1024,
             use_constant_size_upload_parts: false,
             list_is_lexically_ordered: true,
             io_parallelism: get_num_compute_intensive_cpus(),
@@ -977,7 +977,7 @@ async fn configure_store(
         "memory" => Ok(ObjectStore {
             inner: Arc::new(InMemory::new()).traced(),
             scheme: String::from("memory"),
-            block_size: cloud_block_size,
+            block_size: file_block_size,
             use_constant_size_upload_parts: false,
             list_is_lexically_ordered: true,
             io_parallelism: get_num_compute_intensive_cpus(),
@@ -1219,7 +1219,6 @@ mod tests {
     #[rstest]
     #[case("s3://bucket/foo.lance", None)]
     #[case("gs://bucket/foo.lance", None)]
-    #[case("memory:///bucket/foo.lance", None)]
     #[case("az://account/bucket/foo.lance",
       Some(HashMap::from([
             (String::from("account_name"), String::from("account")),
@@ -1236,6 +1235,7 @@ mod tests {
     #[rstest]
     #[case("file")]
     #[case("file-object-store")]
+    #[case("memory:///bucket/foo.lance")]
     #[tokio::test]
     async fn test_block_size_used_file(#[case] prefix: &str) {
         let tmp_dir = tempfile::tempdir().unwrap();

rust/lance/src/index/vector/ivf.rs

@@ -2223,42 +2223,102 @@ mod tests {
             .await;
     }
 
+    struct TestPqParams {
+        num_sub_vectors: usize,
+        num_bits: usize,
+    }
+
+    impl TestPqParams {
+        fn small() -> Self {
+            Self {
+                num_sub_vectors: 2,
+                num_bits: 8,
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Clippy doesn't like that all start with Ivf but we might have some in the future
+    // that _don't_ start with Ivf so I feel it is meaningful to keep the prefix
+    #[allow(clippy::enum_variant_names)]
+    enum TestIndexType {
+        IvfPq { pq: TestPqParams },
+        IvfHnswPq { pq: TestPqParams, num_edges: usize },
+        IvfHnswSq { num_edges: usize },
+        IvfFlat,
+    }
+
+    struct CreateIndexCase {
+        metric_type: MetricType,
+        num_partitions: usize,
+        dimension: usize,
+        index_type: TestIndexType,
+    }
+
     // We test L2 and Dot, because L2 PQ uses residuals while Dot doesn't,
     // so they have slightly different code paths.
     #[tokio::test]
     #[rstest]
-    #[case::ivf_pq_l2(VectorIndexParams::with_ivf_pq_params(
-        MetricType::L2,
-        IvfBuildParams::new(2),
-        PQBuildParams::new(2, 8),
-    ))]
-    #[case::ivf_pq_dot(VectorIndexParams::with_ivf_pq_params(
-        MetricType::Dot,
-        IvfBuildParams::new(2),
-        PQBuildParams::new(2, 8),
-    ))]
-    #[case::ivf_flat(VectorIndexParams::ivf_flat(1, MetricType::Dot))]
-    #[case::ivf_hnsw_pq(VectorIndexParams::with_ivf_hnsw_pq_params(
-        MetricType::Dot,
-        IvfBuildParams::new(2),
-        HnswBuildParams::default().num_edges(100),
-        PQBuildParams::new(2, 8)
-    ))]
-    #[case::ivf_hnsw_sq(VectorIndexParams::with_ivf_hnsw_sq_params(
-        MetricType::Dot,
-        IvfBuildParams::new(2),
-        HnswBuildParams::default().num_edges(100),
-        SQBuildParams::default()
-    ))]
+    #[case::ivf_pq_l2(CreateIndexCase {
+        metric_type: MetricType::L2,
+        num_partitions: 2,
+        dimension: 16,
+        index_type: TestIndexType::IvfPq { pq: TestPqParams::small() },
+    })]
+    #[case::ivf_pq_dot(CreateIndexCase {
+        metric_type: MetricType::Dot,
+        num_partitions: 2,
+        dimension: 2000,
+        index_type: TestIndexType::IvfPq { pq: TestPqParams::small() },
+    })]
+    #[case::ivf_flat(CreateIndexCase { num_partitions: 1, metric_type: MetricType::Dot, dimension: 16, index_type: TestIndexType::IvfFlat })]
+    #[case::ivf_hnsw_pq(CreateIndexCase {
+        num_partitions: 2,
+        metric_type: MetricType::Dot,
+        dimension: 16,
+        index_type: TestIndexType::IvfHnswPq { pq: TestPqParams::small(), num_edges: 100 },
+    })]
+    #[case::ivf_hnsw_sq(CreateIndexCase {
+        metric_type: MetricType::Dot,
+        num_partitions: 2,
+        dimension: 16,
+        index_type: TestIndexType::IvfHnswSq { num_edges: 100 },
+    })]
     async fn test_create_index_nulls(
-        #[case] mut index_params: VectorIndexParams,
+        #[case] test_case: CreateIndexCase,
         #[values(IndexFileVersion::Legacy, IndexFileVersion::V3)] index_version: IndexFileVersion,
     ) {
+        let mut index_params = match test_case.index_type {
+            TestIndexType::IvfPq { pq } => VectorIndexParams::with_ivf_pq_params(
+                test_case.metric_type,
+                IvfBuildParams::new(test_case.num_partitions),
+                PQBuildParams::new(pq.num_sub_vectors, pq.num_bits),
+            ),
+            TestIndexType::IvfHnswPq { pq, num_edges } => {
+                VectorIndexParams::with_ivf_hnsw_pq_params(
+                    test_case.metric_type,
+                    IvfBuildParams::new(test_case.num_partitions),
+                    HnswBuildParams::default().num_edges(num_edges),
+                    PQBuildParams::new(pq.num_sub_vectors, pq.num_bits),
+                )
+            }
+            TestIndexType::IvfFlat => {
+                VectorIndexParams::ivf_flat(test_case.num_partitions, test_case.metric_type)
+            }
+            TestIndexType::IvfHnswSq { num_edges } => VectorIndexParams::with_ivf_hnsw_sq_params(
+                test_case.metric_type,
+                IvfBuildParams::new(test_case.num_partitions),
+                HnswBuildParams::default().num_edges(num_edges),
+                SQBuildParams::default(),
+            ),
+        };
         index_params.version(index_version);
 
         let nrows = 2_000;
         let data = gen()
-            .col("vec", array::rand_vec::<Float32Type>(Dimension::from(16)))
+            .col(
+                "vec",
+                array::rand_vec::<Float32Type>(Dimension::from(test_case.dimension as u32)),
+            )
             .into_batch_rows(RowCount::from(nrows))
             .unwrap();
 
@@ -2287,7 +2347,9 @@ mod tests {
             .await
             .unwrap();
 
-        let query = vec![0.0; 16].into_iter().collect::<Float32Array>();
+        let query = vec![0.0; test_case.dimension]
+            .into_iter()
+            .collect::<Float32Array>();
         let results = dataset
             .scan()
             .nearest("vec", &query, 2_000)

rust/lance/src/index/vector/utils.rs

@@ -274,7 +274,7 @@ fn random_ranges(
     block_size: usize,
     byte_width: usize,
 ) -> impl Iterator<Item = std::ops::Range<u64>> + Send {
-    let rows_per_batch = block_size / byte_width;
+    let rows_per_batch = 1.max(block_size / byte_width);
     let mut rng = SmallRng::from_entropy();
     let num_bins = num_rows.div_ceil(rows_per_batch);