Allow running instructions from pcs outside the program segment

[fmoletta]

In order to run the os, we need to load programs into new segments and run them by setting the pc to their starting location. In order to achieve this, we must handle pc's with an index different from 0 in step_instruction.
Depends on #1492 (for testing)

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Attention: 6 lines in your changes are missing coverage. Please review.

Comparison is base (0941386) 96.81% compared to head (2a3a0fb) 96.81%.

Files	Patch %	Lines
vm/src/vm/vm_core.rs	95.04%	6 Missing ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main    #1493      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   96.81%   96.81%   -0.01%     
==========================================
  Files          96       96              
  Lines       39581    39684     +103     
==========================================
+ Hits        38322    38419      +97     
- Misses       1259     1265       +6     

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[github-actions]

Benchmark Results for unmodified programs 🚀

Command	Mean [s]	Min [s]	Max [s]	Relative
base big_factorial	2.616 ± 0.033	2.591	2.700	1.00
head big_factorial	2.827 ± 0.043	2.787	2.931	1.08 ± 0.02

Command	Mean [s]	Min [s]	Max [s]	Relative
base big_fibonacci	2.231 ± 0.077	2.190	2.444	1.00
head big_fibonacci	2.430 ± 0.049	2.401	2.559	1.09 ± 0.04

Command	Mean [s]	Min [s]	Max [s]	Relative
base blake2s_integration_benchmark	7.540 ± 0.047	7.474	7.622	1.00
head blake2s_integration_benchmark	8.680 ± 0.342	8.420	9.302	1.15 ± 0.05

Command	Mean [s]	Min [s]	Max [s]	Relative
base compare_arrays_200000	2.635 ± 0.043	2.609	2.754	1.00
head compare_arrays_200000	2.896 ± 0.086	2.839	3.113	1.10 ± 0.04

Command	Mean [s]	Min [s]	Max [s]	Relative
base dict_integration_benchmark	1.770 ± 0.020	1.751	1.821	1.00
head dict_integration_benchmark	1.885 ± 0.005	1.877	1.890	1.07 ± 0.01

Command	Mean [s]	Min [s]	Max [s]	Relative
base field_arithmetic_get_square_benchmark	1.262 ± 0.009	1.252	1.280	1.00
head field_arithmetic_get_square_benchmark	1.390 ± 0.024	1.372	1.438	1.10 ± 0.02

Command	Mean [s]	Min [s]	Max [s]	Relative
base integration_builtins	6.132 ± 0.047	6.076	6.209	1.00
head integration_builtins	6.932 ± 0.074	6.855	7.119	1.13 ± 0.01

Command	Mean [s]	Min [s]	Max [s]	Relative
base keccak_integration_benchmark	7.624 ± 0.058	7.572	7.774	1.00
head keccak_integration_benchmark	8.606 ± 0.045	8.547	8.701	1.13 ± 0.01

Command	Mean [s]	Min [s]	Max [s]	Relative
base linear_search	2.667 ± 0.012	2.647	2.690	1.00
head linear_search	2.906 ± 0.033	2.871	2.982	1.09 ± 0.01

Command	Mean [s]	Min [s]	Max [s]	Relative
base math_cmp_and_pow_integration_benchmark	1.758 ± 0.005	1.749	1.765	1.00
head math_cmp_and_pow_integration_benchmark	1.877 ± 0.010	1.866	1.895	1.07 ± 0.01

Command	Mean [s]	Min [s]	Max [s]	Relative
base math_integration_benchmark	1.695 ± 0.024	1.671	1.744	1.00
head math_integration_benchmark	1.797 ± 0.004	1.791	1.805	1.06 ± 0.02

Command	Mean [s]	Min [s]	Max [s]	Relative
base memory_integration_benchmark	1.503 ± 0.023	1.487	1.566	1.00
head memory_integration_benchmark	1.631 ± 0.031	1.609	1.691	1.09 ± 0.03

Command	Mean [s]	Min [s]	Max [s]	Relative
base operations_with_data_structures_benchmarks	1.642 ± 0.068	1.611	1.833	1.00
head operations_with_data_structures_benchmarks	1.742 ± 0.011	1.727	1.764	1.06 ± 0.04

Command	Mean [ms]	Min [ms]	Max [ms]	Relative
base pedersen	592.8 ± 1.2	590.3	594.7	1.00
head pedersen	615.8 ± 2.7	611.7	619.4	1.04 ± 0.01

Command	Mean [s]	Min [s]	Max [s]	Relative
base poseidon_integration_benchmark	1.195 ± 0.005	1.187	1.201	1.00
head poseidon_integration_benchmark	1.229 ± 0.010	1.221	1.257	1.03 ± 0.01

Command	Mean [s]	Min [s]	Max [s]	Relative
base secp_integration_benchmark	2.193 ± 0.020	2.176	2.244	1.00
head secp_integration_benchmark	2.310 ± 0.020	2.277	2.342	1.05 ± 0.01

Command	Mean [s]	Min [s]	Max [s]	Relative
base set_integration_benchmark	1.201 ± 0.021	1.188	1.259	1.00
head set_integration_benchmark	1.216 ± 0.004	1.211	1.222	1.01 ± 0.02

Command	Mean [s]	Min [s]	Max [s]	Relative
base uint256_integration_benchmark	4.613 ± 0.017	4.589	4.650	1.00
head uint256_integration_benchmark	5.089 ± 0.048	5.045	5.167	1.10 ± 0.01