[release/v1.7] Update vSphere images to use upstream image repository or our mirror

[xmudrii]

What this PR does / why we need it:

Manual cherry-pick of #3376

This PR replaces the registry used for vSphere CCM and CSI images. Unfortunately:

• The new vSphere CCM image registry has images only starting from v1.28.0
• There are no images in the new official vSphere CSI image registry at the moment

Because of that, we unfortunately have to resort to the mirroring the old/unavailable images.

Which issue(s) this PR fixes:
xref #3375

What type of PR is this?
/kind bug
/kind regression
/priority critical-urgent

Does this PR introduce a user-facing change? Then add your Release Note here:

[ACTION REQUIRED] Fix vSphere CCM and CSI images. The CCM images for versions starting with v1.28.0 are pulled from the new community-owned image repository. The CCM images for versions prior to v1.28.0, and the CSI images, are pulled from the Kubermatic-managed mirror on `quay.io`. If you have a vSphere cluster, we strongly recommend upgrading to the latest KubeOne patch release and running `kubeone apply` **as soon as possible**, because the old image repository (`gcr.io/cloud-provider-vsphere`) is not available anymore, hence it's not possible to pull the needed images from that repository

Documentation:

TBD

[kron4eg]

/approve
/lgtm

[kubermatic-bot]

LGTM label has been added.

Git tree hash: 1046bdb5a2be8b4c5624eb30ec1b4228064d9d81

[kubermatic-bot]

[APPROVALNOTIFIER] This PR is APPROVED

This pull-request has been approved by: kron4eg

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[xmudrii]

/retest

[xmudrii]

/retest