Migrate linux_x64_clang_debug to new Dockerfile from base-docker-imag…

…es. (#18355)

Progress on #15332. This uses a
new `cpubuilder_ubuntu_jammy_x86_64` dockerfile from
iree-org/base-docker-images#4. If this looks
good, I'll continue to switch other workflows from
`gcr.io/iree-oss/base` to this image, installing new deps and pushing
new package versions as needed. Once all the workflows are changed, we
can delete
https://github.com/iree-org/iree/tree/main/build_tools/docker.

skip-ci: does not affect other builds

.github/workflows/ci_linux_x64_clang_debug.yml

@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ jobs:
       - environment=${{ needs.setup.outputs.runner-env }}
       - cpu
       - os-family=Linux
-    container: gcr.io/iree-oss/base@sha256:dc314b4fe30fc1315742512891357bffed4d1b62ffcb46258b1e0761c737b446
+    container: ghcr.io/iree-org/cpubuilder_ubuntu_jammy_x86_64@sha256:54d9d17a79caa083aeff1243b27e767df2629b533c26e0b65d41beb160f197e4
     defaults:
       run:
         shell: bash
@@ -51,14 +51,15 @@ jobs:
         with:
           submodules: true
       - name: Install Python requirements
-        run: pip install -r ./runtime/bindings/python/iree/runtime/build_requirements.txt
+        run: python3 -m pip install -r ./runtime/bindings/python/iree/runtime/build_requirements.txt
       # Note: Not using ccache here. Debug builds need a lot of cache space
       # and caching only provides marginal build time improvements.
       - name: CMake - configure
         run: |
           cmake \
             -G Ninja \
             -B ${BUILD_DIR} \
+            -DPython3_EXECUTABLE="$(which python)" \
             -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug \
             -DIREE_BUILD_PYTHON_BINDINGS=ON \
             -DIREE_ENABLE_LLD=ON \