deps: update dependency sphinx to v7

[renovate]

This PR contains the following updates:

Package	Change	Age	Adoption	Passing	Confidence
sphinx (changelog)	>=6.2.1,<7.0 -> >=7.1.2,<7.2

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Release Notes

sphinx-doc/sphinx (sphinx)

v7.1.2

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Bugs fixed

• #​11542: linkcheck: Properly respect :confval:linkcheck_anchors
  and do not spuriously report failures to validate anchors.
  Patch by James Addison.

v7.1.1

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Bugs fixed

• #​11514: Fix SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH in multi-line copyright footer.
  Patch by Bénédikt Tran.

v7.1.0

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Incompatible changes

• Releases are no longer signed, given the change in PyPI policy_.

  .. _change in PyPI policy: https://blog.pypi.org/posts/2023-05-23-removing-pgp/

Deprecated

• #​11412: Emit warnings on using a deprecated Python-specific index entry type
  (namely, module, keyword, operator, object, exception,
  statement, and builtin) in the :rst:dir:index directive, and
  set the removal version to Sphinx 9. Patch by Adam Turner.

Features added

• #​11415: Add a checksum to JavaScript and CSS asset URIs included within
  generated HTML, using the CRC32 algorithm.
• :meth:~sphinx.application.Sphinx.require_sphinx now allows the version
  requirement to be specified as (major, minor).
• #​11011: Allow configuring a line-length limit for object signatures, via
  :confval:maximum_signature_line_length and the domain-specific variants.
  If the length of the signature (in characters) is greater than the configured
  limit, each parameter in the signature will be split to its own logical line.
  This behaviour may also be controlled by options on object description
  directives, for example :rst:dir:py:function:single-line-parameter-list.
  Patch by Thomas Louf, Adam Turner, and Jean-François B.
• #​10983: Support for multiline copyright statements in the footer block.
  Patch by Stefanie Molin
• sphinx.util.display.status_iterator now clears the current line
  with ANSI control codes, rather than overprinting with space characters.
• #​11431: linkcheck: Treat SSL failures as broken links.
  Patch by James Addison.
• #​11157: Keep the translated attribute on translated nodes.
• #​11451: Improve the traceback displayed when using :option:sphinx-build -T
  in parallel builds. Patch by Bénédikt Tran
• #​11324: linkcheck: Use session-basd HTTP requests.
• #​11438: Add support for the :rst:dir:py:class and :rst:dir:py:function
  directives for PEP 695 (generic classes and functions declarations) and
  PEP 696 (default type parameters). Multi-line support (#​11011) is enabled
  for type parameters list and can be locally controlled on object description
  directives, e.g., :rst:dir:py:function:single-line-type-parameter-list.
  Patch by Bénédikt Tran.
• #​11484: linkcheck: Allow HTML anchors to be ignored on a per-URL basis
  via :confval:linkcheck_anchors_ignore_for_url while
  still checking the validity of the page itself.
  Patch by Bénédikt Tran
• #​1246: Add translation progress statistics and inspection support,
  via a new substitution (|translation progress|) and a new
  configuration variable (:confval:translation_progress_classes).
  These enable determining the percentage of translated elements within
  a document, and the remaining translated and untranslated elements.

Bugs fixed

• Restored the footnote-reference class that has been removed in
  the latest (unreleased) version of Docutils.

• #​11486: Use :rfc:8081 font file MIME types in the EPUB builder.
  Using the correct MIME type will prevent warnings from epubcheck
  and will generate a valid EPUB.

• #​11435: Use microsecond-resolution timestamps for outdated file detection
  in BuildEnvironment.get_outdated_files.

• #​11437: Top-level headings starting with a reStructuredText role
  now render properly when :confval:rst_prolog is set.
  Previously, a file starting with the below would have
  improperly rendered due to where the prologue text
  was inserted into the document.

  .. code:: rst

  :mod:lobster -- The lobster module

  ...

  Patch by Bénédikt Tran.

• #​11337: Fix a MemoryError in sphinx.ext.intersphinx when using None
  or typing.* as inline type references. Patch by Bénédikt Tran (picnixz)

Testing

• #​11345: Always delete docutils.conf in test directories when running
  SphinxTestApp.cleanup().

v7.0.1

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Dependencies

• #​11411: Support Docutils 0.20_. Patch by Adam Turner.

.. _Docutils 0.20: https://docutils.sourceforge.io/RELEASE-NOTES.html#release-0-20-2023-05-04

Bugs fixed

• #​11418: Clean up remaining references to sphinx.setup_command
  following the removal of support for setuptools.
  Patch by Willem Mulder.

v7.0.0

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Incompatible changes

• #​11359: Remove long-deprecated aliases for MecabSplitter and
  DefaultSplitter in sphinx.search.ja.
• #​11360: Remove deprecated make_old_id functions in domain object
  description classes.
• #​11363: Remove the Setuptools integration (build_sphinx hook in
  setup.py).
• #​11364: Remove deprecated sphinx.ext.napoleon.iterators module.
• #​11365: Remove support for the jsdump format in sphinx.search.
• #​11366: Make locale a required argument to
  sphinx.util.i18n.format_date().
• #​11370: Remove deprecated sphinx.util.stemmer module.
• #​11371: Remove deprecated sphinx.pycode.ast.parse() function.
• #​11372: Remove deprecated sphinx.io.read_doc() function.
• #​11373: Removed deprecated sphinx.util.get_matching_files() function.
• #​11378: Remove deprecated sphinx.util.docutils.is_html5_writer_available()
  function.
• #​11379: Make the env argument to Builder subclasses required.
• #​11380: autosummary: Always emit grouped import exceptions.
• #​11381: Remove deprecated style key for HTML templates.
• #​11382: Remove deprecated sphinx.writers.latex.LaTeXTranslator.docclasses
  attribute.
• #​11383: Remove deprecated sphinx.builders.html.html5_ready and
  sphinx.builders.html.HTMLTranslator attributes.
• #​11385: Remove support for HTML 4 output.

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[jooola]

the shpinx-rtd-theme does not yet support sphinx v7.

[jooola]

The sphinx read the docs theme released a new rc that supports sphinx v7: readthedocs/sphinx_rtd_theme#1463 (comment)

[renovate]

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[apricote]

The preview docs look good :) I am fine with going ahead with the RC if it unblocks the changes you wanted to make with regards to docstring vs type hints.

[jooola]

I will report back that our docs looks good after the upgrade. They said a release should be cut next week or so, and I am not in the rush.

[jooola]

This PR is upgrading sphinx as well as sphing-rtd-theme #290