Merge #185: cmake: Enable additional security checks for MSVC

c06c03e fixup! cmake: Add platform-specific definitions and properties (Hennadii Stepanov)
08b98f0 refactor, test: Always initialize pointer (Hennadii Stepanov)

Pull request description:

  Same as on the master branch: https://github.com/hebasto/bitcoin/blob/99d7538cdb2a0ab7a7a2116cd5f33b95fc52b00e/build_msvc/common.init.vcxproj.in#L64

  The first commit has been pulled from bitcoin#30026.

Top commit has no ACKs.

Tree-SHA512: c81848f9064d0f59640c0d50839637b528268e2e206e521887258fa1a4b8b1e419475e7285d0318d43375684da85afabccc32fb747d1251a529e3d8cc966965a

CMakeLists.txt

@@ -236,6 +236,7 @@ if(WIN32)
       /utf-8
       /Zc:preprocessor
       /Zc:__cplusplus
+      /sdl
     )
     # Improve parallelism in MSBuild.
     # See: https://devblogs.microsoft.com/cppblog/improved-parallelism-in-msbuild/.

src/test/validation_chainstate_tests.cpp

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
 #include <test/util/random.h>
 #include <test/util/setup_common.h>
 #include <uint256.h>
+#include <util/check.h>
 #include <validation.h>
 
 #include <vector>
@@ -102,14 +103,14 @@ BOOST_FIXTURE_TEST_CASE(chainstate_update_tip, TestChain100Setup)
 
     BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(chainman.GetAll().size(), 2);
 
-    Chainstate& background_cs{*[&] {
+    Chainstate& background_cs{*Assert([&]() -> Chainstate* {
         for (Chainstate* cs : chainman.GetAll()) {
             if (cs != &chainman.ActiveChainstate()) {
                 return cs;
             }
         }
-        assert(false);
-    }()};
+        return nullptr;
+    }())};
 
     // Append the first block to the background chain.
     BlockValidationState state;