Merge bitcoin/bitcoin#31869: cmake: Add `libbitcoinkernel` target #633

Job	Run time
test each commit	0s
ASan + LSan + UBSan + integer, no depends, USDT	1h 7m 36s
Win64 native, VS 2022	2h 14m 8s
macOS 14 native, arm64, no depends, sqlite only, gui	21m 21s
Win64 native fuzz, VS 2022	49m 29s
macOS 14 native, arm64, fuzz	12m 22s
	4h 44m 56s

Provide feedback