Inline caching

[brandtbucher]

Discussion: #263
BPO: https://bugs.python.org/issue46841

In (rough) order:

• bpo-46841: Use *inline* caching for BINARY_OP python/cpython#31543
• bpo-46841: Move the cache for LOAD_GLOBAL inline. python/cpython#31575
• bpo-46841: Use inline caching for UNPACK_SEQUENCE python/cpython#31591
• bpo-46841: Inline cache for BINARY_SUBSCR. python/cpython#31618
• bpo-46841: Use inline caching for COMPARE_OP python/cpython#31622
• bpo-46841: Use inline caching for attribute accesses python/cpython#31640
• bpo-46841: Improve the failure stats for COMPARE_OP python/cpython#31663
• bpo-46841: Fix error message hacks in GET_AWAITABLE python/cpython#31664
• bpo-46841: Fix BINARY_OP's handling of inline caches python/cpython#31671
• bpo-46841: Use inline caching for calls python/cpython#31709
• bpo-46841: Don't use an oparg counter for STORE_SUBSCR python/cpython#31742
• bpo-46841: Add a _Py_SET_OPCODE macro python/cpython#31780
• bpo-46841: Update adaptive.md for inline caching python/cpython#31817
• bpo-46841: Quicken code in-place python/cpython#31888
• bpo-46841: Don't scan backwards in bytecode. python/cpython#31901
• bpo-46841: Don't jump during throw()  python/cpython#31968
• gh-90997: bpo-46841: Disassembly of quickened code python/cpython#32099
• bpo-46841: remove no-longer-used macro UPDATE_PREV_INSTR_OPARG python/cpython#32100
• bpo-46841: Use a bytes object for _co_code_adaptive python/cpython#32205
• bpo-46841: Avoid unnecessary allocations in code object comparisons python/cpython#32222
• gh-90997: Show cached inline values in dis output  python/cpython#92360
• gh-90997: Move CACHE handling into _unpack_opargs python/cpython#92409
• GH-90997: Document CACHEs python/cpython#95694
• Reduce intermediate copying in marshal
• Check cache sizes earlier (in the compiler?)
• Add tests for adaptive/specialized/super instructions

[markshannon]

Sorry for not thinking this through earlier, but we might not want to quicken in-place.
#338

[mdboom]

Is there anything urgent we meant to do for these two?

Update Doc/library/dis.rst
Update Doc/whatsnew/3.11.rst

[brandtbucher]

Is there anything urgent we meant to do for these two?

Update Doc/library/dis.rst
Update Doc/whatsnew/3.11.rst

Not urgent, but dis.rst should probably have an entry for CACHE instructions. So should the "CPython bytecode changes" section of What's New. I'll get to these today.

[brandtbucher]

I also plan to close this issue and break out any actionable 3.12 list items into their own issues.

[mdboom]

Yeah -- sorry by "urgent" I mainly meant for 3.11. I imagine doc changes are pretty much fair game even through the rc cycle, so still fine.