Scripting: Augment String with sha1 and sha256

[stu-elastic]

Only available in the ingest context for use in ingest pipelines.

Digests are computed on the UTF-8 encoding of the String and are
returned as hex strings.

sha1() return hex strings of length 40, sha256() returns length 64

Fixes: #59633

[elasticmachine]

Pinging @elastic/es-core-infra (:Core/Infra/Scripting)

[jdconrad]

Great change!

[stu-elastic]

We're adding sha1 and sha256 because they, along with md5, must be implemented by the MessageDigest SPI since at least Java 8.

[rjernst]

LGTM

[stu-elastic]

Manual integration testing to ensure this feature can be used as expected:

# Create pipeline
curl --user 'elastic-admin:elastic-password' -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -XPUT localhost:9200/_ingest/pipeline/foo_id -d '{
  "processors": [
    {
      "script": {
        "lang": "painless",
        "source": "ctx._id = ctx.bar.sha256()"
      }
    }
  ]
}'
{
  "acknowledged": true
}

# Create index and index document using pipeline
curl --user 'elastic-admin:elastic-password' -H 'Content-Type: application/json' localhost:9200/foo/_doc?pipeline=foo_id -d '{ "bar": "baz", "qux": 123 }'
{
  "_index": "foo",
  "_id": "baa5a0964d3320fbc0c6a922140453c8513ea24ab8fd0577034804a967248096",
  "_version": 1,
  "result": "created",
  "_shards": {
    "total": 2,
    "successful": 1,
    "failed": 0
  },
  "_seq_no": 0,
  "_primary_term": 1
}

# Fetch document
curl --user 'elastic-admin:elastic-password' localhost:9200/foo/_search?q=bar:baz
{
  "took": 6,
  "timed_out": false,
  "_shards": {
    "total": 1,
    "successful": 1,
    "skipped": 0,
    "failed": 0
  },
  "hits": {
    "total": {
      "value": 1,
      "relation": "eq"
    },
    "max_score": 0.2876821,
    "hits": [
      {
        "_index": "foo",
        "_id": "baa5a0964d3320fbc0c6a922140453c8513ea24ab8fd0577034804a967248096",
        "_score": 0.2876821,
        "_source": {
          "bar": "baz",
          "qux": 123
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

# Attempt indexing different document with the same `bar` value
curl --user 'elastic-admin:elastic-password' -H 'Content-Type: application/json' localhost:9200/foo/_doc?pipeline=foo_id -d '{ "bar": "baz", "qux": 451, "other": 123 }'
{
  "error": {
    "root_cause": [
      {
        "type": "version_conflict_engine_exception",
        "reason": "[baa5a0964d3320fbc0c6a922140453c8513ea24ab8fd0577034804a967248096]: version conflict, document already exists (current version [1])",
        "index_uuid": "Nt3z3wMaS7-bfiC2OD_EPQ",
        "shard": "0",
        "index": "foo"
      }
    ],
    "type": "version_conflict_engine_exception",
    "reason": "[baa5a0964d3320fbc0c6a922140453c8513ea24ab8fd0577034804a967248096]: version conflict, document already exists (current version [1])",
    "index_uuid": "Nt3z3wMaS7-bfiC2OD_EPQ",
    "shard": "0",
    "index": "foo"
  },
  "status": 409
}

# Ensure document not updated
curl --user 'elastic-admin:elastic-password' localhost:9200/foo/_search?q=bar:baz
{
  "took": 8,
  "timed_out": false,
  "_shards": {
    "total": 1,
    "successful": 1,
    "skipped": 0,
    "failed": 0
  },
  "hits": {
    "total": {
      "value": 1,
      "relation": "eq"
    },
    "max_score": 0.2876821,
    "hits": [
      {
        "_index": "foo",
        "_id": "baa5a0964d3320fbc0c6a922140453c8513ea24ab8fd0577034804a967248096",
        "_score": 0.2876821,
        "_source": {
          "bar": "baz",
          "qux": 123
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

# Index different document
curl --user 'elastic-admin:elastic-password' -H 'Content-Type: application/json' localhost:9200/foo/_doc?pipeline=foo_id -d '{ "bar": "foo", "qux": 789 }'
{
  "_index": "foo",
  "_id": "2c26b46b68ffc68ff99b453c1d30413413422d706483bfa0f98a5e886266e7ae",
  "_version": 1,
  "result": "created",
  "_shards": {
    "total": 2,
    "successful": 1,
    "failed": 0
  },
  "_seq_no": 1,
  "_primary_term": 1
}

# Ensure document indexed
curl --user 'elastic-admin:elastic-password' localhost:9200/foo/_search?q=*
{
  "took": 5,
  "timed_out": false,
  "_shards": {
    "total": 1,
    "successful": 1,
    "skipped": 0,
    "failed": 0
  },
  "hits": {
    "total": {
      "value": 2,
      "relation": "eq"
    },
    "max_score": 1,
    "hits": [
      {
        "_index": "foo",
        "_id": "baa5a0964d3320fbc0c6a922140453c8513ea24ab8fd0577034804a967248096",
        "_score": 1,
        "_source": {
          "bar": "baz",
          "qux": 123
        }
      },
      {
        "_index": "foo",
        "_id": "2c26b46b68ffc68ff99b453c1d30413413422d706483bfa0f98a5e886266e7ae",
        "_score": 1,
        "_source": {
          "bar": "foo",
          "qux": 789
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

[stu-elastic]

master: 3c85272
7.x (7.10): 8fdaed0