[20672] Use a plain switch for NetmaskFilterKind std::ostream& operator<<

[EduPonz]

Description

This PR refactors the std::ostream& operator << so that it uses a plain switch instead of an unordered map, since the previous implementation was failing to compile under some compilers clang 15 because the enum class does not define any hashing function. It seems that our supported compilers could deduce that the enum class was in fact an int and that's why it did not get detected on CI.

Contributor Checklist

• Commit messages follow the project guidelines.
• N/A: The code follows the style guidelines of this project.
• N/A: Tests that thoroughly check the new feature have been added/Regression tests checking the bug and its fix have been added; the added tests pass locally
• N/A: Any new/modified methods have been properly documented using Doxygen.
• Changes are ABI compatible.
• Changes are API compatible.
• N/A: New feature has been added to the versions.md file (if applicable).
• N/A: New feature has been documented/Current behavior is correctly described in the documentation.
• N/A: Applicable backports have been included in the description.

Reviewer Checklist

• The PR has a milestone assigned.
• The title and description correctly express the PR's purpose.
• Check contributor checklist is correct.
• Check CI results: changes do not issue any warning.
• Check CI results: failing tests are unrelated with the changes.

[MiguelCompany]

LGTM with green CI

[EduPonz]

@richiprosima please test this