Add InstructionEncoder.Switch.

src/libraries/System.Reflection.Metadata/ref/System.Reflection.Metadata.cs

@@ -2689,6 +2689,7 @@ public void MarkLabel(System.Reflection.Metadata.Ecma335.LabelHandle label) { }
         public void OpCode(System.Reflection.Metadata.ILOpCode code) { }
         public void StoreArgument(int argumentIndex) { }
         public void StoreLocal(int slotIndex) { }
+        public System.Reflection.Metadata.Ecma335.SwitchInstructionEncoder Switch(int branchCount) { throw null; }
         public void Token(int token) { }
         public void Token(System.Reflection.Metadata.EntityHandle handle) { }
     }
@@ -3069,6 +3070,10 @@ public void UInt64() { }
         public void UIntPtr() { }
         public void VoidPointer() { }
     }
+    public readonly struct SwitchInstructionEncoder
+    {
+        public void Branch(System.Reflection.Metadata.Ecma335.LabelHandle label) { }
+    }
     public enum TableIndex : byte
     {
         Module = (byte)0,

src/libraries/System.Reflection.Metadata/src/Resources/Strings.resx

@@ -1,4 +1,64 @@
-<root>
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<root>
+  <!-- 
+    Microsoft ResX Schema 
+
+    Version 2.0
+
+    The primary goals of this format is to allow a simple XML format 
+    that is mostly human readable. The generation and parsing of the 
+    various data types are done through the TypeConverter classes 
+    associated with the data types.
+
+    Example:
+
+    ... ado.net/XML headers & schema ...
+    <resheader name="resmimetype">text/microsoft-resx</resheader>
+    <resheader name="version">2.0</resheader>
+    <resheader name="reader">System.Resources.ResXResourceReader, System.Windows.Forms, ...</resheader>
+    <resheader name="writer">System.Resources.ResXResourceWriter, System.Windows.Forms, ...</resheader>
+    <data name="Name1"><value>this is my long string</value><comment>this is a comment</comment></data>
+    <data name="Color1" type="System.Drawing.Color, System.Drawing">Blue</data>
+    <data name="Bitmap1" mimetype="application/x-microsoft.net.object.binary.base64">
+        <value>[base64 mime encoded serialized .NET Framework object]</value>
+    </data>
+    <data name="Icon1" type="System.Drawing.Icon, System.Drawing" mimetype="application/x-microsoft.net.object.bytearray.base64">
+        <value>[base64 mime encoded string representing a byte array form of the .NET Framework object]</value>
+        <comment>This is a comment</comment>
+    </data>
+
+    There are any number of "resheader" rows that contain simple 
+    name/value pairs.
+
+    Each data row contains a name, and value. The row also contains a 
+    type or mimetype. Type corresponds to a .NET class that support 
+    text/value conversion through the TypeConverter architecture. 
+    Classes that don't support this are serialized and stored with the 
+    mimetype set.
+
+    The mimetype is used for serialized objects, and tells the 
+    ResXResourceReader how to depersist the object. This is currently not 
+    extensible. For a given mimetype the value must be set accordingly:
+
+    Note - application/x-microsoft.net.object.binary.base64 is the format 
+    that the ResXResourceWriter will generate, however the reader can 
+    read any of the formats listed below.
+
+    mimetype: application/x-microsoft.net.object.binary.base64
+    value   : The object must be serialized with 
+            : System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary.BinaryFormatter
+            : and then encoded with base64 encoding.
+
+    mimetype: application/x-microsoft.net.object.soap.base64
+    value   : The object must be serialized with 
+            : System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Soap.SoapFormatter
+            : and then encoded with base64 encoding.
+
+    mimetype: application/x-microsoft.net.object.bytearray.base64
+    value   : The object must be serialized into a byte array 
+            : using a System.ComponentModel.TypeConverter
+            : and then encoded with base64 encoding.
+    -->
   <xsd:schema id="root" xmlns="" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:msdata="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:xml-msdata">
     <xsd:import namespace="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" />
     <xsd:element name="root" msdata:IsDataSet="true">
@@ -405,4 +465,10 @@
   <data name="UnexpectedValueUnknownType" xml:space="preserve">
     <value>Unexpected value '{0}' of unknown type.</value>
   </data>
-</root>
+  <data name="SwitchInstructionEncoderTooFewBranches" xml:space="preserve">
+    <value>The SwitchInstructionEncoder.Branch method has not been called enough times.</value>
+  </data>
+  <data name="SwitchInstructionEncoderTooManyBranches" xml:space="preserve">
+    <value>The SwitchInstructionEncoder.Branch method has been called too many times.</value>
+  </data>
+</root>

src/libraries/System.Reflection.Metadata/src/System.Reflection.Metadata.csproj

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
+<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
   <PropertyGroup>
     <TargetFrameworks>$(NetCoreAppCurrent);$(NetCoreAppMinimum);netstandard2.0;$(NetFrameworkMinimum)</TargetFrameworks>
     <AllowUnsafeBlocks>true</AllowUnsafeBlocks>
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ The System.Reflection.Metadata library is built-in as part of the shared framewo
     <Compile Include="System\Reflection\Metadata\Ecma335\Encoding\FunctionPointerAttributes.cs" />
     <Compile Include="System\Reflection\Metadata\Ecma335\Encoding\MethodBodyStreamEncoder.cs" />
     <Compile Include="System\Reflection\Metadata\Ecma335\Encoding\MethodBodyAttributes.cs" />
+    <Compile Include="System\Reflection\Metadata\Ecma335\Encoding\SwitchInstructionEncoder.cs" />
     <Compile Include="System\Reflection\Metadata\Ecma335\MetadataBuilder.cs" />
     <Compile Include="System\Reflection\Metadata\Ecma335\MetadataRootBuilder.cs" />
     <Compile Include="System\Reflection\Metadata\Ecma335\SerializedMetadataHeaps.cs" />
@@ -89,7 +90,7 @@ The System.Reflection.Metadata library is built-in as part of the shared framewo
     <Compile Include="System\Reflection\PortableExecutable\ResourceSectionBuilder.cs" />
     <Compile Include="System\Reflection\PortableExecutable\SectionLocation.cs" />
     <Compile Include="System\Reflection\Internal\Utilities\BlobUtilities.cs" />
-    <None Include="README.md" Pack="true" PackagePath="\"/>
+    <None Include="README.md" Pack="true" PackagePath="\" />
   </ItemGroup>
 
   <ItemGroup>

src/libraries/System.Reflection.Metadata/src/System/Reflection/Internal/Utilities/EnumerableExtensions.cs

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Collections.Immutable;
-using System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis;
+using System.Linq;
 
 namespace System.Reflection.Internal
 {
@@ -15,15 +15,7 @@ internal static class EnumerableExtensions
     {
         public static T? FirstOrDefault<T>(this ImmutableArray<T> collection, Func<T, bool> predicate)
         {
-            foreach (var item in collection)
-            {
-                if (predicate(item))
-                {
-                    return item;
-                }
-            }
-
-            return default;
+            return ImmutableArrayExtensions.FirstOrDefault(collection, predicate);
         }
 
         // used only in debugger display so we needn't get fancy with optimizations.
@@ -35,11 +27,6 @@ public static IEnumerable<TResult> Select<TSource, TResult>(this IEnumerable<TSo
             }
         }
 
-        public static T Last<T>(this ImmutableArray<T>.Builder source)
-        {
-            return source[source.Count - 1];
-        }
-
         public static IEnumerable<T> OrderBy<T>(this List<T> source, Comparison<T> comparison)
         {
             // Produce an iterator that represents a stable sort of source.

src/libraries/System.Reflection.Metadata/src/System/Reflection/Metadata/Ecma335/Encoding/ControlFlowBuilder.cs

@@ -2,9 +2,7 @@
 // The .NET Foundation licenses this file to you under the MIT license.
 
 using System.Collections.Generic;
-using System.Collections.Immutable;
 using System.Diagnostics;
-using System.Reflection.Internal;
 
 namespace System.Reflection.Metadata.Ecma335
 {
@@ -13,37 +11,50 @@ public sealed class ControlFlowBuilder
         // internal for testing:
         internal readonly struct BranchInfo
         {
-            internal readonly int ILOffset;
+            // The offset to the label operand inside the instruction.
+            internal readonly int OperandOffset;
             internal readonly LabelHandle Label;
-            private readonly byte _opCode;
+            // Label offsets are calculated from the end of the instruction that contains them.
+            // This value contains the displacement from the start of the label operand
+            // to the end of the instruction. It is equal to one on short branches,
+            // four on long branches and bigger on the switch instruction.
+            private readonly int _instructionEndDisplacement;
+
+            // The following two fields are used for error reporting and tests.
+
+            // The offset to the start of the instruction.
+            internal readonly int ILOffset;
+            internal readonly ILOpCode OpCode;
 
-            internal ILOpCode OpCode => (ILOpCode)_opCode;
+            internal bool IsShortBranch => _instructionEndDisplacement == 1;
+            internal int OperandSize => Math.Min(_instructionEndDisplacement, 4);
 
-            internal BranchInfo(int ilOffset, LabelHandle label, ILOpCode opCode)
+            internal BranchInfo(int operandOffset, LabelHandle label, int instructionEndDisplacement, int ilOffset, ILOpCode opCode)
             {
-                ILOffset = ilOffset;
+                OperandOffset = operandOffset;
                 Label = label;
-                _opCode = (byte)opCode;
+                _instructionEndDisplacement = instructionEndDisplacement;
+                ILOffset = ilOffset;
+                OpCode = opCode;
             }
 
-            internal int GetBranchDistance(ImmutableArray<int>.Builder labels, ILOpCode branchOpCode, int branchILOffset, bool isShortBranch)
+            internal int GetBranchDistance(List<int> labels)
             {
                 int labelTargetOffset = labels[Label.Id - 1];
                 if (labelTargetOffset < 0)
                 {
                     Throw.InvalidOperation_LabelNotMarked(Label.Id);
                 }
 
-                int branchInstructionSize = 1 + (isShortBranch ? sizeof(sbyte) : sizeof(int));
-                int distance = labelTargetOffset - (ILOffset + branchInstructionSize);
+                int distance = labelTargetOffset - (OperandOffset + _instructionEndDisplacement);
 
-                if (isShortBranch && unchecked((sbyte)distance) != distance)
+                if (IsShortBranch && unchecked((sbyte)distance) != distance)
                 {
                     // We could potentially implement algorithm that automatically fixes up branch instructions to accommodate for bigger distances (short vs long),
                     // however an optimal algorithm would be rather complex (something like: calculate topological ordering of crossing branch instructions
                     // and then use fixed point to eliminate cycles). If the caller doesn't care about optimal IL size they can use long branches whenever the
                     // distance is unknown upfront. If they do they probably implement more sophisticated algorithm for IL layout optimization already.
-                    throw new InvalidOperationException(SR.Format(SR.DistanceBetweenInstructionAndLabelTooBig, branchOpCode, branchILOffset, distance));
+                    throw new InvalidOperationException(SR.Format(SR.DistanceBetweenInstructionAndLabelTooBig, OpCode, ILOffset, distance));
                 }
 
                 return distance;
@@ -75,14 +86,14 @@ public ExceptionHandlerInfo(
             }
         }
 
-        private readonly ImmutableArray<BranchInfo>.Builder _branches;
-        private readonly ImmutableArray<int>.Builder _labels;
-        private ImmutableArray<ExceptionHandlerInfo>.Builder? _lazyExceptionHandlers;
+        private readonly List<BranchInfo> _branches;
+        private readonly List<int> _labels;
+        private List<ExceptionHandlerInfo>? _lazyExceptionHandlers;
 
         public ControlFlowBuilder()
         {
-            _branches = ImmutableArray.CreateBuilder<BranchInfo>();
-            _labels = ImmutableArray.CreateBuilder<int>();
+            _branches = new List<BranchInfo>();
+            _labels = new List<int>();
         }
 
         /// <summary>
@@ -93,6 +104,7 @@ public void Clear()
             _branches.Clear();
             _labels.Clear();
             _lazyExceptionHandlers?.Clear();
+            RemainingSwitchBranches = 0;
         }
 
         internal LabelHandle AddLabel()
@@ -101,12 +113,26 @@ internal LabelHandle AddLabel()
             return new LabelHandle(_labels.Count);
         }
 
-        internal void AddBranch(int ilOffset, LabelHandle label, ILOpCode opCode)
+        internal void AddBranch(int operandOffset, LabelHandle label, int instructionEndDisplacement, int ilOffset, ILOpCode opCode)
         {
-            Debug.Assert(ilOffset >= 0);
-            Debug.Assert(_branches.Count == 0 || ilOffset > _branches.Last().ILOffset);
+            Debug.Assert(operandOffset >= 0);
+            Debug.Assert(_branches.Count == 0 || operandOffset > _branches[_branches.Count - 1].OperandOffset);
             ValidateLabel(label, nameof(label));
-            _branches.Add(new BranchInfo(ilOffset, label, opCode));
+#if DEBUG
+            switch (instructionEndDisplacement)
+            {
+                case 1:
+                    Debug.Assert(opCode.GetBranchOperandSize() == 1);
+                    break;
+                case 4:
+                    Debug.Assert(opCode == ILOpCode.Switch || opCode.GetBranchOperandSize() == 4);
+                    break;
+                default:
+                    Debug.Assert(instructionEndDisplacement > 4 && instructionEndDisplacement % 4 == 0 && opCode == ILOpCode.Switch);
+                    break;
+            }
+#endif
+            _branches.Add(new BranchInfo(operandOffset, label, instructionEndDisplacement, ilOffset, opCode));
         }
 
         internal void MarkLabel(int ilOffset, LabelHandle label)
@@ -214,8 +240,9 @@ private void AddExceptionRegion(
             ValidateLabel(tryEnd, nameof(tryEnd));
             ValidateLabel(handlerStart, nameof(handlerStart));
             ValidateLabel(handlerEnd, nameof(handlerEnd));
+            AssertNotInSwitch();
 
-            _lazyExceptionHandlers ??= ImmutableArray.CreateBuilder<ExceptionHandlerInfo>();
+            _lazyExceptionHandlers ??= new List<ExceptionHandlerInfo>();
 
             _lazyExceptionHandlers.Add(new ExceptionHandlerInfo(kind, tryStart, tryEnd, handlerStart, handlerEnd, filterStart, catchType));
         }
@@ -230,6 +257,25 @@ private void AddExceptionRegion(
 
         internal int ExceptionHandlerCount => _lazyExceptionHandlers?.Count ?? 0;
 
+        internal int RemainingSwitchBranches { get; set; }
+
+        internal void AssertNotInSwitch()
+        {
+            if (RemainingSwitchBranches > 0)
+            {
+                Throw.InvalidOperation(SR.SwitchInstructionEncoderTooFewBranches);
+            }
+        }
+
+        internal void SwitchBranchAdded()
+        {
+            if (RemainingSwitchBranches == 0)
+            {
+                Throw.InvalidOperation(SR.SwitchInstructionEncoderTooManyBranches);
+            }
+            RemainingSwitchBranches--;
+        }
+
         /// <exception cref="InvalidOperationException" />
         internal void CopyCodeAndFixupBranches(BlobBuilder srcBuilder, BlobBuilder dstBuilder)
         {
@@ -252,7 +298,7 @@ internal void CopyCodeAndFixupBranches(BlobBuilder srcBuilder, BlobBuilder dstBu
                 while (true)
                 {
                     // copy bytes preceding the next branch, or till the end of the blob:
-                    int chunkSize = Math.Min(branch.ILOffset - srcOffset, srcBlob.Length - srcBlobOffset);
+                    int chunkSize = Math.Min(branch.OperandOffset - srcOffset, srcBlob.Length - srcBlobOffset);
                     dstBuilder.WriteBytes(srcBlob.Buffer, srcBlobOffset, chunkSize);
                     srcOffset += chunkSize;
                     srcBlobOffset += chunkSize;
@@ -264,22 +310,17 @@ internal void CopyCodeAndFixupBranches(BlobBuilder srcBuilder, BlobBuilder dstBu
                         break;
                     }
 
-                    Debug.Assert(srcBlob.Buffer[srcBlobOffset] == (byte)branch.OpCode);
-
-                    int operandSize = branch.OpCode.GetBranchOperandSize();
-                    bool isShortInstruction = operandSize == 1;
+                    int operandSize = branch.OperandSize;
+                    bool isShortInstruction = branch.IsShortBranch;
 
                     // Note: the 4B operand is contiguous since we wrote it via BlobBuilder.WriteInt32()
                     Debug.Assert(
-                        srcBlobOffset + 1 == srcBlob.Length ||
+                        srcBlobOffset == srcBlob.Length ||
                         (isShortInstruction ?
-                           srcBlob.Buffer[srcBlobOffset + 1] == 0xff :
-                           BitConverter.ToUInt32(srcBlob.Buffer, srcBlobOffset + 1) == 0xffffffff));
-
-                    // write branch opcode:
-                    dstBuilder.WriteByte(srcBlob.Buffer[srcBlobOffset]);
+                           srcBlob.Buffer[srcBlobOffset] == 0xff :
+                           BitConverter.ToUInt32(srcBlob.Buffer, srcBlobOffset) == 0xffffffff));
 
-                    int branchDistance = branch.GetBranchDistance(_labels, branch.OpCode, srcOffset, isShortInstruction);
+                    int branchDistance = branch.GetBranchDistance(_labels);
 
                     // write branch operand:
                     if (isShortInstruction)
@@ -291,13 +332,16 @@ internal void CopyCodeAndFixupBranches(BlobBuilder srcBuilder, BlobBuilder dstBu
                         dstBuilder.WriteInt32(branchDistance);
                     }
 
-                    srcOffset += sizeof(byte) + operandSize;
+                    srcOffset += operandSize;
 
                     // next branch:
                     branchIndex++;
                     if (branchIndex == _branches.Count)
                     {
-                        branch = new BranchInfo(int.MaxValue, label: default, opCode: default);
+                        // We have processed all branches. The MaxValue will cause the rest
+                        // of the IL stream to be directly copied to the destination blob.
+                        branch = new BranchInfo(operandOffset: int.MaxValue, label: default,
+                            instructionEndDisplacement: default, ilOffset: default, opCode: default);
                     }
                     else
                     {
@@ -311,8 +355,8 @@ internal void CopyCodeAndFixupBranches(BlobBuilder srcBuilder, BlobBuilder dstBu
                         break;
                     }
 
-                    // skip fake branch instruction:
-                    srcBlobOffset += sizeof(byte) + operandSize;
+                    // skip fake branch operand:
+                    srcBlobOffset += operandSize;
                 }
             }
         }