Add new event to OpenIdConnectEvents to handle specific error scenario

[bigred8982]

Background and Motivation

In reference to #59462, there is a new scenario during OIDC PAR login flow where a configuration would result in an error. The optimal solution would be to add a new OIDC event to the API to make it easier to handle this error.

Proposed API

In reference to #61947, add new event to OpenIdConnectEvents class. Event name would be OnPushAuthorizationFailed.

Usage Examples

Example originally documented in #61947

builder.Services.AddAuthentication(...)
  .AddOpenIdConnect("oidc", options => 
  {
    ...
    options.Events.OnPushAuthorizationFailed = (ctx) => {
        var logger = ctx.HttpContext.RequestServices.GetRequiredService<ILogger<Program>>();
        logger.LogError(ctx.Exception, "Received error while sending PAR request.");
        
        ctx.Response.Redirect("FriendlyErrorPage");
        ctx.Handled = true;
        return Task.CompletedTask;
    };
  });

Alternative Designs

No. I attempted to follow the existing API event design.

Risks

No exceptional risks identified.

[MackinnonBuck]

FYI @halter73