Math is a better math library for JavaScript. Everything that's available under your good ol' Math object is available under the math prefix as well, but so much more too.

Math is focused on arithmetic and other simple operations on numbers, like finding the greatest common divisor, rounding numbers, generating random numbers and converting between polar and cartesian coordinates. Stuff that's useful for everyday calculations. Don't expect something like NumPy or SciPy — you'd be disappointed.

Some care has been taken to make sure that operations are never in-place: we don't change existing data structures but always return calculations as a new number, in a new array or other structure.

Aditionally, most functions can batch-process lists in addition to processing single values, which makes it easy to e.g. round an entire sequence of numbers without having to go through a mapping step.

Math is mostly backwards-compatible with JavaScript's built-in Math library: replace Math.pow with math.pow, Math.cos with math.cos and so on, and everything will keep working. There are two exceptions to that rule:

• Inverse trigonometric functions like arcsin and arctan are available under the arc namespace. Thus, to get the arc sine of a number, use math.arc.sin or math.arc.sine.
• All constants are under the constants namespace. Thus, Math.PI is equal to math.constants.PI.

Most functions have aliases. Thus, math.arc.tan2 is also available as math.arc.tangent_of_quotient, math.max is also available as math.maximum and math.log is also available as math.logarithm andmath.ln. In some cases, writing the full names can make code more understandable, whereas in other cases it only causes clutter. Decide for yourself which is more apt for your use-case.

You can use math in the browser and in node.js. The library is subdivided into the submodules math, random and coordinates and sets. If you just need one or the other, or just want easier shortcuts, do

// create a basic shortcut
math = math.math;
// this adds `math`, `random`, `coordinates` and `sets` to the window object, 
// allowing you to use e.g. `random.integer()` instead of
// `math.random.integer()`
math.unpack();
// in node.js
var math = require('math').math;

Or, in CoffeeScript:

# in the browser
{math, random, coordinates, sets} = math
# in node.js
{math, random, coordinates, sets} = require 'math'

Also take a look at these libraries:

• underscore.js contains functional programming aids that are essential if you're manipulating big datasets.
• sylvester, a vector, matrix and geometry math library for JavaScript
• mathnetics, a mathematics library that makes it easy to handle sets, groups, vectors, matrices, planes and more.
• m8, another interesting math library.
• MathPlus provides useful approximation functions for limits and derivatives.
• summa, a small library for descriptive statistics in JavaScript and CoffeeScript, which is built on this mathematics library.