Create README.md for air quality (#24)

* Create README.md for air quality

* Update README.md

notebooks/air-pollution/README.md

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+# Air Pollution and Heat 
+
+
+While separate events, air pollution and heatwaves both have significant impact on a region’s public health and have compounded effects when they occur together. Determining which areas of Manila have the highest challenges in air pollution is thus very helpful in determining vulnerability to extreme heat. 
+
+Air quality is often measured in terms of ozone (O3), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and particulate matter (particularly under 2.5 microns in diameter, or PM2.5). The mechanisms underlying air quality are highly variable both under time and locale. In Metro Manila, the city’s PM2.5 levels are of particular importance, especially because of traffic in the intensely populated region. There is a demonstrated significant positive correlation between PM2.5 and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in at-risk populations, for example. 
+
+The relationship between air quality and temperature in Manila has not been as highly studied, but research from elsewhere in the world helps us understand the relationship between heatwaves and air temperature. A study over twenty-one years in Seoul showed, for example, that ozone, PM2.5, and sulfur dioxide all increased during heatwave days. The impact of the correlation varies across the world, however; this is an important opportunity to look more closely at what might be the case for the National Capital Region.  
+
+## Research Questions 
+
+- How do PM2.5 and temperature vary in Manila? Is there any relation with mortality?
+- Can we view the effects of legislation in the air quality of the city during heatwaves (ex. Clean Air Act)?
+- How does air quality correlate (or not) with socioeconomic factors (ex. Richer neighborhoods)?
+
+## Data Product
+
+Granularity: 1kmx1km, which does not allow us to make nuanced arguments between air quality hotspots in the city or correlate them with UHI effect
+
+## References 
+
+- Galvez, M. C., Tipan, D. P., Valera, A. A., Vallar, E., & Nacua, A. (2020). Ozone, Nitrogen Dioxide, and PM2.5 Measurement at Three Urban Parks in Manila, Philippines using Portable Sensors. Advances in Science, Technology and Engineering Systems Journal, 5(6), 1027–1032. https://doi.org/10.25046/aj0506124 
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+- Park, K., Jin, H.-G., & Baik, J.-J. (2023). Do heat waves worsen air quality? A 21-year observational study in Seoul, South Korea. Science of The Total Environment, 884, 163798. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163798 
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+- Rahman, M. M., McConnell, R., Schlaerth, H., Ko, J., Silva, S., Lurmann, F. W., Palinkas, L., Johnston, J., - Hurlburt, M., Yin, H., Ban-Weiss, G., & Garcia, E. (n.d.). The Effects of Coexposure to Extremes of Heat and Particulate Air Pollution on Mortality in California: Implications for Climate Change. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 206(9), 1117–1127. https://doi.org/10.1164/rccm.202204-0657OC 
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+- Seposo, X., Arcilla, A. L. A., De Guzman, J. G. N., Dizon, E. M. S., Figuracion, A. N. R., Morales, C. M. M., Tugonon, P. K. A., & Apostol, G. L. C. (2021). Ambient air quality and the risk for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease among Metro Manila Development Authority traffic enforcers in Metro Manila: An exploratory study. Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine, 7(2), 117–124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cdtm.2021.01.002 
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+- Tantengco, O. A. G., & Guinto, R. R. (2022). Tackling air pollution in the Philippines. The Lancet Planetary Health, 6(4), e300. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2542-5196(22)00065-1