Better formatting for long type parameter bounds. (#1576)

Better formatting for long type parameter bounds.

The tall style was already doing a better job on #1568 than the old
short style does. (I don't know why it leaves an overly long line there.
It seems like a bug but perhaps a nasty subtle one in the solver.)

But it still didn't allow splitting before `extends` in a bound which
could leave long lines in cases where the type parameter and bound name
are both quite long. Rare, but we may as well do a better job.

So this introduces a new piece that allows splitting before `extends`
if needed.

Fix #1568.

lib/src/front_end/ast_node_visitor.dart

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ import '../piece/infix.dart';
 import '../piece/list.dart';
 import '../piece/piece.dart';
 import '../piece/type.dart';
+import '../piece/type_parameter_bound.dart';
 import '../piece/variable.dart';
 import '../profile.dart';
 import '../source_code.dart';
@@ -1840,12 +1841,21 @@ final class AstNodeVisitor extends ThrowingAstVisitor<void> with PieceFactory {
   @override
   void visitTypeParameter(TypeParameter node) {
     pieces.withMetadata(node.metadata, inlineMetadata: true, () {
-      pieces.token(node.name);
       if (node.bound case var bound?) {
-        pieces.space();
-        pieces.token(node.extendsKeyword);
-        pieces.space();
-        pieces.visit(bound);
+        var typeParameterPiece = pieces.build(() {
+          pieces.token(node.name);
+        });
+
+        var boundPiece = pieces.build(() {
+          pieces.token(node.extendsKeyword);
+          pieces.space();
+          pieces.visit(bound);
+        });
+
+        pieces.add(TypeParameterBoundPiece(typeParameterPiece, boundPiece));
+      } else {
+        // No bound.
+        pieces.token(node.name);
       }
     });
   }

lib/src/piece/type_parameter_bound.dart

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2024, the Dart project authors.  Please see the AUTHORS file
+// for details. All rights reserved. Use of this source code is governed by a
+// BSD-style license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+import '../back_end/code_writer.dart';
+import '../constants.dart';
+import 'piece.dart';
+
+/// A piece for a type parameter and its bound.
+///
+/// Handles not splitting before `extends` if we can split inside the bound's
+/// own type arguments, or splitting before `extends` if that isn't enough to
+/// get it to fit.
+final class TypeParameterBoundPiece extends Piece {
+  /// Split inside the type arguments of the bound, but not at `extends`, as in:
+  ///
+  ///     class C<
+  ///       T extends Map<
+  ///         LongKeyType,
+  ///         LongValueType
+  ///       >
+  ///     >{}
+  static const State _insideBound = State(1);
+
+  /// Split at `extends`, like:
+  ///
+  ///     class C<
+  ///       LongTypeParameters
+  ///           extends LongBoundType
+  ///     >{}
+  static const State _beforeExtends = State(2);
+
+  /// The type parameter name.
+  final Piece _typeParameter;
+
+  /// The bound with the preceding `extends` keyword.
+  final Piece _bound;
+
+  TypeParameterBoundPiece(this._typeParameter, this._bound);
+
+  @override
+  List<State> get additionalStates => const [_insideBound, _beforeExtends];
+
+  @override
+  bool allowNewlineInChild(State state, Piece child) => switch (state) {
+        State.unsplit => false,
+        _insideBound => child == _bound,
+        _beforeExtends => true,
+        _ => throw ArgumentError('Unexpected state.'),
+      };
+
+  @override
+  void format(CodeWriter writer, State state) {
+    if (state == _beforeExtends) writer.pushIndent(Indent.expression);
+    writer.format(_typeParameter);
+    writer.splitIf(state == _beforeExtends);
+    writer.format(_bound);
+    if (state == _beforeExtends) writer.popIndent();
+  }
+
+  @override
+  void forEachChild(void Function(Piece piece) callback) {
+    callback(_typeParameter);
+    callback(_bound);
+  }
+}

test/tall/declaration/class_type_parameter.unit

@@ -19,6 +19,23 @@ class LongClassName<
   Second,
   Third
 > {}
+>>> Split inside bound.
+class LongClassName<VeryLongTypeParameter extends VeryLongBoundName> {}
+<<<
+class LongClassName<
+  VeryLongTypeParameter
+      extends VeryLongBoundName
+> {}
+>>> Split at `extends` and inside bound type arguments.
+class LongClassName<VeryLongTypeParameter extends
+VeryLongBoundName<LongTypeArgument>> {}
+<<<
+class LongClassName<
+  VeryLongTypeParameter
+      extends VeryLongBoundName<
+        LongTypeArgument
+      >
+> {}
 >>> Split inside type parameter bound splits type parameters.
 class LongClassName<T extends Map<LongTypeArgument, Another>> {}
 <<<

test/tall/regression/1500/1568.unit

@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+>>> Conveniently fits in the new style.
+abstract interface class TypeAnalyzerOperations<
+        TypeStructure extends SharedTypeStructure<TypeStructure>,
+        Variable extends Object,
+        TypeParameterStructure extends SharedTypeParameterStructure<TypeStructure>,
+        TypeDeclarationType extends Object,
+        TypeDeclaration extends Object>
+    implements FlowAnalysisOperations<Variable, SharedTypeView<TypeStructure>> {
+  // ...
+}
+<<<
+abstract interface class TypeAnalyzerOperations<
+  TypeStructure extends SharedTypeStructure<TypeStructure>,
+  Variable extends Object,
+  TypeParameterStructure extends SharedTypeParameterStructure<TypeStructure>,
+  TypeDeclarationType extends Object,
+  TypeDeclaration extends Object
+>
+    implements FlowAnalysisOperations<Variable, SharedTypeView<TypeStructure>> {
+  // ...
+}
+>>> Make some type arguments longer to force it to split.
+abstract interface class TypeAnalyzerOperations<
+        TypeStructure extends SharedTypeStructure<TypeStructure>,
+        Variable extends Object,
+        TypeParameterStructure extends SharedTypeParameterStructure<LongerTypeStructure>,
+        TypeDeclarationType extends Object,
+        TypeDeclaration extends Object>
+    implements FlowAnalysisOperations<Variable, SharedTypeView<TypeStructure>> {
+  // ...
+}
+<<<
+abstract interface class TypeAnalyzerOperations<
+  TypeStructure extends SharedTypeStructure<TypeStructure>,
+  Variable extends Object,
+  TypeParameterStructure
+      extends SharedTypeParameterStructure<LongerTypeStructure>,
+  TypeDeclarationType extends Object,
+  TypeDeclaration extends Object
+>
+    implements FlowAnalysisOperations<Variable, SharedTypeView<TypeStructure>> {
+  // ...
+}
+>>> Even longer for more splitting.
+abstract interface class TypeAnalyzerOperations<
+        TypeStructure extends SharedTypeStructure<TypeStructure>,
+        Variable extends Object,
+        TypeParameterStructure extends SharedTypeParameterStructure<LongerTypeStructure, AnotherTypeArgument>,
+        TypeDeclarationType extends Object,
+        TypeDeclaration extends Object>
+    implements FlowAnalysisOperations<Variable, SharedTypeView<TypeStructure>> {
+  // ...
+}
+<<<
+abstract interface class TypeAnalyzerOperations<
+  TypeStructure extends SharedTypeStructure<TypeStructure>,
+  Variable extends Object,
+  TypeParameterStructure extends SharedTypeParameterStructure<
+    LongerTypeStructure,
+    AnotherTypeArgument
+  >,
+  TypeDeclarationType extends Object,
+  TypeDeclaration extends Object
+>
+    implements FlowAnalysisOperations<Variable, SharedTypeView<TypeStructure>> {
+  // ...
+}