[TVMScript] Add ObjectPath class (apache#11977)

Motivation:

Same IR node object can be referenced in several different contexts inside a larger IR object. For example, a variable could be referenced in several statements within a block.

This makes it impossible to use an object pointer to uniquely identify a "location" within the larger IR object for error reporting purposes. The `ObjectPath` class addresses this problem by serving as a unique "locator".

Tracking issue: apache#11912

include/tvm/node/object_path.h

@@ -0,0 +1,282 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+
+/*!
+ * \file tvm/node/object_path.h
+ * ObjectPath class that represents a path from a root object to one of its descendants
+ * via attribute access, array indexing etc.
+ */
+
+#ifndef TVM_NODE_OBJECT_PATH_H_
+#define TVM_NODE_OBJECT_PATH_H_
+
+#include <tvm/runtime/container/optional.h>
+#include <tvm/runtime/container/string.h>
+#include <tvm/runtime/object.h>
+
+#include <string>
+
+namespace tvm {
+
+using runtime::Object;
+using runtime::ObjectPtr;
+using runtime::ObjectRef;
+
+class ObjectPath;
+
+/*!
+ * \brief Path to an object from some root object.
+ *
+ * Motivation:
+ *
+ * Same IR node object can be referenced in several different contexts inside a larger IR object.
+ * For example, a variable could be referenced in several statements within a block.
+ *
+ * This makes it impossible to use an object pointer to uniquely identify a "location" within
+ * the larger IR object for error reporting purposes. The ObjectPath class addresses this problem
+ * by serving as a unique "locator".
+ */
+class ObjectPathNode : public Object {
+ public:
+  /*! \brief Get the parent path */
+  Optional<ObjectPath> GetParent() const;
+  /*!
+   * \brief Get the length of the path.
+   *
+   * For example, the path returned by `ObjectPath::Root()` has length 1.
+   */
+  int32_t Length() const;
+
+  /*!
+   * \brief Get a path prefix of the given length.
+   *
+   * Provided `length` must not exceed the `Length()` of this path.
+   */
+  ObjectPath GetPrefix(int32_t length) const;
+
+  /*!
+   * \brief Check if this path is a prefix of another path.
+   *
+   * The prefix is not strict, i.e. a path is considered a prefix of itself.
+   */
+  bool IsPrefixOf(const ObjectPath& other) const;
+
+  /*! \brief Check if two paths are equal. */
+  bool PathsEqual(const ObjectPath& other) const;
+
+  /*! \brief Extend this path with access to an object attribute. */
+  ObjectPath Attr(const char* attr_key) const;
+
+  /*! \brief Extend this path with access to an object attribute. */
+  ObjectPath Attr(Optional<String> attr_key) const;
+
+  /*! \brief Extend this path with access to an array element. */
+  ObjectPath ArrayIndex(int32_t index) const;
+
+  /*! \brief Extend this path with access to a missing array element. */
+  ObjectPath MissingArrayElement(int32_t index) const;
+
+  /*! \brief Extend this path with access to a map value. */
+  ObjectPath MapValue(ObjectRef key) const;
+
+  /*! \brief Extend this path with access to a missing map entry. */
+  ObjectPath MissingMapEntry() const;
+
+  static constexpr const char* _type_key = "ObjectPath";
+  TVM_DECLARE_BASE_OBJECT_INFO(ObjectPathNode, Object);
+
+ protected:
+  explicit ObjectPathNode(const ObjectPathNode* parent);
+
+  friend class ObjectPath;
+  friend std::string GetObjectPathRepr(const ObjectPathNode* node);
+
+  const ObjectPathNode* ParentNode() const;
+
+  /*! Compares just the last node of the path, without comparing the whole path. */
+  virtual bool LastNodeEqual(const ObjectPathNode* other) const = 0;
+
+  virtual std::string LastNodeString() const = 0;
+
+ private:
+  Optional<ObjectRef> parent_;
+  int32_t length_;
+};
+
+class ObjectPath : public ObjectRef {
+ public:
+  /*! \brief Create a path that represents the root object itself. */
+  static ObjectPath Root();
+
+  TVM_DEFINE_NOTNULLABLE_OBJECT_REF_METHODS(ObjectPath, ObjectRef, ObjectPathNode);
+};
+
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//-----   Concrete object path nodes   ------------------------------------
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+// ----- Root -----
+
+class RootPathNode final : public ObjectPathNode {
+ public:
+  explicit RootPathNode();
+
+  static constexpr const char* _type_key = "RootPath";
+  TVM_DECLARE_FINAL_OBJECT_INFO(RootPathNode, ObjectPathNode);
+
+ protected:
+  bool LastNodeEqual(const ObjectPathNode* other) const final;
+  std::string LastNodeString() const final;
+};
+
+class RootPath : public ObjectPath {
+ public:
+  TVM_DEFINE_OBJECT_REF_METHODS(RootPath, ObjectPath, RootPathNode);
+};
+
+// ----- Attribute access -----
+
+class AttributeAccessPathNode final : public ObjectPathNode {
+ public:
+  /*! \brief Name of the attribute being accessed. Must be a static string. */
+  String attr_key;
+
+  explicit AttributeAccessPathNode(const ObjectPathNode* parent, String attr_key);
+
+  static constexpr const char* _type_key = "AttributeAccessPath";
+  TVM_DECLARE_FINAL_OBJECT_INFO(AttributeAccessPathNode, ObjectPathNode);
+
+ protected:
+  bool LastNodeEqual(const ObjectPathNode* other) const final;
+  std::string LastNodeString() const final;
+};
+
+class AttributeAccessPath : public ObjectPath {
+ public:
+  TVM_DEFINE_OBJECT_REF_METHODS(AttributeAccessPath, ObjectPath, AttributeAccessPathNode);
+};
+
+// ----- Unknown attribute access -----
+
+class UnknownAttributeAccessPathNode final : public ObjectPathNode {
+ public:
+  explicit UnknownAttributeAccessPathNode(const ObjectPathNode* parent);
+
+  static constexpr const char* _type_key = "UnknownAttributeAccessPath";
+  TVM_DECLARE_FINAL_OBJECT_INFO(UnknownAttributeAccessPathNode, ObjectPathNode);
+
+ protected:
+  bool LastNodeEqual(const ObjectPathNode* other) const final;
+  std::string LastNodeString() const final;
+};
+
+class UnknownAttributeAccessPath : public ObjectPath {
+ public:
+  TVM_DEFINE_OBJECT_REF_METHODS(UnknownAttributeAccessPath, ObjectPath,
+                                UnknownAttributeAccessPathNode);
+};
+
+// ----- Array element access by index -----
+
+class ArrayIndexPathNode : public ObjectPathNode {
+ public:
+  /*! \brief Index of the array element that is being accessed. */
+  int32_t index;
+
+  explicit ArrayIndexPathNode(const ObjectPathNode* parent, int32_t index);
+
+  static constexpr const char* _type_key = "ArrayIndexPath";
+  TVM_DECLARE_FINAL_OBJECT_INFO(ArrayIndexPathNode, ObjectPathNode);
+
+ protected:
+  bool LastNodeEqual(const ObjectPathNode* other) const final;
+  std::string LastNodeString() const final;
+};
+
+class ArrayIndexPath : public ObjectPath {
+ public:
+  TVM_DEFINE_OBJECT_REF_METHODS(ArrayIndexPath, ObjectPath, ArrayIndexPathNode);
+};
+
+// ----- Missing array element -----
+
+class MissingArrayElementPathNode : public ObjectPathNode {
+ public:
+  /*! \brief Index of the array element that is missing. */
+  int32_t index;
+
+  explicit MissingArrayElementPathNode(const ObjectPathNode* parent, int32_t index);
+
+  static constexpr const char* _type_key = "MissingArrayElementPath";
+  TVM_DECLARE_FINAL_OBJECT_INFO(MissingArrayElementPathNode, ObjectPathNode);
+
+ protected:
+  bool LastNodeEqual(const ObjectPathNode* other) const final;
+  std::string LastNodeString() const final;
+};
+
+class MissingArrayElementPath : public ObjectPath {
+ public:
+  TVM_DEFINE_OBJECT_REF_METHODS(MissingArrayElementPath, ObjectPath, MissingArrayElementPathNode);
+};
+
+// ----- Map value -----
+
+class MapValuePathNode : public ObjectPathNode {
+ public:
+  /*! \brief Key of the map entry that is being accessed */
+  ObjectRef key;
+
+  explicit MapValuePathNode(const ObjectPathNode* parent, ObjectRef key);
+
+  static constexpr const char* _type_key = "MapValuePath";
+  TVM_DECLARE_FINAL_OBJECT_INFO(MapValuePathNode, ObjectPathNode);
+
+ protected:
+  bool LastNodeEqual(const ObjectPathNode* other) const final;
+  std::string LastNodeString() const final;
+};
+
+class MapValuePath : public ObjectPath {
+ public:
+  TVM_DEFINE_OBJECT_REF_METHODS(MapValuePath, ObjectPath, MapValuePathNode);
+};
+
+// ----- Missing map entry -----
+
+class MissingMapEntryPathNode : public ObjectPathNode {
+ public:
+  explicit MissingMapEntryPathNode(const ObjectPathNode* parent);
+
+  static constexpr const char* _type_key = "MissingMapEntryPath";
+  TVM_DECLARE_FINAL_OBJECT_INFO(MissingMapEntryPathNode, ObjectPathNode);
+
+ protected:
+  bool LastNodeEqual(const ObjectPathNode* other) const final;
+  std::string LastNodeString() const final;
+};
+
+class MissingMapEntryPath : public ObjectPath {
+ public:
+  TVM_DEFINE_OBJECT_REF_METHODS(MissingMapEntryPath, ObjectPath, MissingMapEntryPathNode);
+};
+
+}  // namespace tvm
+
+#endif  // TVM_NODE_OBJECT_PATH_H_