[components] Port dagster-dg to use typer

[smackesey]

Summary & Motivation

Ports dagster-dg to use typer instead of click.

How I Tested These Changes

Unit tests.

[smackesey]

• [components] Port dagster-dg to use typer #27271 👈 (View in Graphite)
• master

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[smackesey]

Closing this because ultimately it proved too difficult to port all of dagster-dg's functionality to typer. We do some fairly advanced manipulation of click and I'm not sure it's even possible to express everything we do with typer. In particular:

• dynamic subcommand generation-- we do this for dagster-dg, and it is "last minute" generation that is dependent on callbacks for the groups in dg component scaffold executing before the subcommands are generated. Couldn't figure out how to do this in typer.
• The --use-editable-dagster command can optionally take an argument (or be used as a flag). Couldn't figure out how to implement this in typer.
• Sharing a single set of global options across many different commands without undue repetition surprisingly does not have a typer-native solution. Instead I had to use subsidiary lib typer-di.

Ended up including typer as a dependency but cherry-picking it's functionality rather than making the app a full typer app. See here for where it is introduced: #27311