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docs: Module account address documentation (#22289)
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(cherry picked from commit 3ba4661)
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ziscky authored and mergify[bot] committed Nov 4, 2024
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Expand Up @@ -95,6 +95,26 @@ https://github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/blob/v0.52.0-beta.2/codec/address/bech32_co
| Validator Operator | cosmosvaloper |
| Consensus Nodes | cosmosvalcons |


### Module Accounts

Module accounts are special accounts used by modules to perform specific operations within the blockchain. These accounts are not controlled by users but by the modules themselves. Each module account has a unique name and a set of permissions that define what operations it can perform. Examples of module accounts include the distribution module account, which handles the distribution of staking rewards and the governance module account, which manages the funds related to governance proposals.


#### Address Generation

Module account addresses are generated deterministically from the module name, as defined in [ADR-028](../../architecture/adr-028-public-key-addresses.md)

Definition of account permissions is done during the app initialization.

```go reference
https://github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/blob/3a03804c148d0da8d6df1ad839b08c50f6896fa1/simapp/app.go#L130-L141
```

```go reference
https://github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/blob/3a03804c148d0da8d6df1ad839b08c50f6896fa1/simapp/app.go#L328
```

### Public Keys

Public keys in Cosmos SDK are defined by `cryptotypes.PubKey` interface. Since public keys are saved in a store, the `cryptotypes.PubKey` extends the `proto.Message` interface:
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