[profiles] Raising an error if any profile sections are duplicated

conans/client/profile_loader.py

@@ -263,7 +263,6 @@ def get_profile(profile_text, base_profile=None):
                                                          "options", "conf", "buildenv", "runenv",
                                                          "replace_requires", "replace_tool_requires",
                                                          "runner"])
-
         # Parse doc sections into Conan model, Settings, Options, etc
         settings, package_settings = _ProfileValueParser._parse_settings(doc)
         options = Options.loads(doc.options) if doc.options else None

conans/util/config_parser.py

@@ -44,6 +44,9 @@ def __init__(self, text, allowed_fields=None, strip_comments=False):
                 if self._allowed_fields and field not in self._allowed_fields:
                     raise ConanException("ConfigParser: Unrecognized field '%s'" % field)
                 current_lines = []
+                # Duplicated section
+                if field in self._sections:
+                    raise ConanException(f"ConfigParser: Duplicated section: [{field}]")
                 self._sections[field] = current_lines
             else:
                 if current_lines is None:

test/integration/configuration/profile_test.py

@@ -574,3 +574,42 @@ def configure(self):
     client.save({"conanfile.py": conanfile, "my_profile.txt": profile})
     client.run("install . --profile my_profile.txt")
     assert "I'm hello and my build type is Debug" in client.out
+
+
+def test_consumer_invalid_profile_multiple_groups():
+    """
+    Issue related: https://github.com/conan-io/conan/issues/16448
+    """
+    client = TestClient()
+    conanfile = GenConanfile(name="hello", version="1.0").with_settings("os", "arch",
+                                                                        "build_type", "compiler")
+    prof1 = textwrap.dedent("""\
+    [settings]
+    arch=x86_64
+    os=Linux
+    build_type=Release
+    compiler=clang
+    compiler.libcxx=libstdc++11
+    compiler.version=18
+    compiler.cppstd=20
+
+    [conf]
+    tools.build:compiler_executables={'c': '/usr/bin/clang-18', 'cpp': '/usr/bin/clang++-18'}
+
+    [settings]
+    # Empty and duplicated section
+
+    [options]
+    package/*:option=Whatever
+
+    [conf]
+    # Another one
+    """)
+    client.save({
+        "conanfile.py": conanfile,
+        "myprofs/myprofile": prof1
+    })
+    client.run("build . --profile:host myprofs/myprofile -g CMakeToolchain",
+               assert_error=True)
+    assert ("ERROR: Error reading 'myprofs/myprofile' profile: ConfigParser: "
+            "Duplicated section: [settings]") in client.out