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Clarify usage of Distributed Tracing Extension by OpenTelemetry (#1)
Signed-off-by: Joao Grassi <joao.grassi@dynatrace.com>
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| # Distributed Tracing extension | ||
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| This extension embeds context from | ||
| [Distributed Tracing](https://w3c.github.io/trace-context/) so that distributed | ||
| systems can include traces that span an event-driven system. This extension is | ||
| meant to contain historical data of the parent trace, in order to diagnose | ||
| eventual failures of the system through tracing platforms like Jaeger, Zipkin, | ||
| etc. | ||
| [W3C TraceContext](https://www.w3.org/TR/trace-context/) into a CloudEvent. | ||
| The goal of this extension is to offer means to carry context when instrumenting | ||
| CloudEvents based systems with OpenTelemetry. | ||
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| The [OpenTelemetry](https://opentelemetry.io/) project is a collection | ||
| of tools, APIs and SDKs that can be used to instrument, generate, collect, | ||
| and export telemetry data (metrics, logs, and traces) to help you | ||
| analyze your software’s performance and behavior. | ||
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| The OpenTelemetry specification defines both | ||
| [Context](https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-specification/blob/v1.8.0/specification/context/context.md#overview) | ||
| and | ||
| [Distributed Tracing](https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-specification/blob/v1.8.0/specification/overview.md#tracing-signal) | ||
| as: | ||
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| > A `Context` is a propagation mechanism which carries execution-scoped values across | ||
| API boundaries and between logically associated execution units. Cross-cutting | ||
| concerns access their data in-process using the same shared `Context` object. | ||
| > | ||
| > A `Distributed Trace` is a set of events, triggered as a result of a single | ||
| logical operation, consolidated across various components of an application. | ||
| A distributed trace contains events that cross process, network and security boundaries. | ||
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| ## Using the Distributed Tracing Extension | ||
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| The | ||
| [OpenTelemetry Semantic Conventions for CloudEvents](https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-specification/blob/v1.9.0/specification/trace/semantic_conventions/cloudevents.md) | ||
| define in which scenarios this extension should be used and how to use it. | ||
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| ## Attributes | ||
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| #### traceparent | ||
| ### traceparent | ||
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| - Type: `String` | ||
| - Description: Contains a version, trace ID, span ID, and trace options as | ||
| defined in [section 3.2](https://w3c.github.io/trace-context/#traceparent-header) | ||
| defined in [section 3.2](https://www.w3.org/TR/trace-context/#traceparent-header) | ||
| - Constraints | ||
| - REQUIRED | ||
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| #### tracestate | ||
| ### tracestate | ||
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| - Type: `String` | ||
| - Description: a comma-delimited list of key-value pairs, defined by | ||
| [section 3.3](https://w3c.github.io/trace-context/#tracestate-header). | ||
| [section 3.3](https://www.w3.org/TR/trace-context/#tracestate-header). | ||
| - Constraints | ||
| - OPTIONAL | ||
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| ## Using the Distributed Tracing Extension | ||
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| The Distributed Tracing Extension is not intended to replace the protocol specific headers for tracing, | ||
| like the ones described in [W3C Trace Context](https://w3c.github.io/trace-context/) for HTTP. | ||
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| Given a single hop event transmission (from sink to source directly), the Distributed Tracing Extension, | ||
| if used, MUST carry the same trace information contained in protocol specific tracing headers. | ||
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| Given a multi hop event transmission, the Distributed Tracing Extension, if used, MUST | ||
| carry the trace information of the starting trace of the transmission. | ||
| In other words, it MUST NOT carry trace information of each individual hop, since this information is usually | ||
| carried using protocol specific headers, understood by tools like [OpenTelemetry](https://opentelemetry.io/). | ||
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| Middleware between the source and the sink of the event could eventually add a Distributed Tracing Extension | ||
| if the source didn't include any, in order to provide to the sink the starting trace of the transmission. | ||
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| An example with HTTP: | ||
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| ```bash | ||
| CURL -X POST example/webhook.json \ | ||
| -H 'ce-id: 1' \ | ||
| -H 'ce-specversion: 1.0' \ | ||
| -H 'ce-type: example' \ | ||
| -H 'ce-source: http://localhost' \ | ||
| -H 'ce-traceparent: 00-0af7651916cd43dd8448eb211c80319c-b9c7c989f97918e1-01' \ | ||
| -H 'traceparent: 00-4bf92f3577b34da6a3ce929d0e0e4736-00f067aa0ba902b7-01' \ | ||
| -H 'tracestate: rojo=00-4bf92f3577b34da6a3ce929d0e0e4736-00f067aa0ba902b7-01,congo=lZWRzIHRoNhcm5hbCBwbGVhc3VyZS4` | ||
| ``` |