[8.0.0] Symbolic macro attribute inheritance

[bazel-io]

Allows the following syntax:

my_cc_library = macro(
    # inherit all attributes from a given rule or macro symbol (or "common" for
    # the set of common Starlark rule attributes)
    inherit_attrs = native.cc_library,
    attrs = {
        # remove cxxopts from inherited attrs list
        "cxxopts": None,
        # override the copts attribute inherited from native.cc_library
        "copts": attr.string_list(default = ["-D_FOO"]),
    },
    ...
)

Fixes #24066

Tricky parts:

• Some common rule attributes ("testonly", "size", etc.) have computed defaults;
  native rule "license" and "distribs" attrs have defaults which fail type check if
  lifted. The only sane way of handling such attrs, if the attribute is unset in
  the macro function call, to pass the value as None to the implementation function
  so that the implementation function will pass None to the rule function, which
  will thus set the default appropriately.
• We need RuleFunctionApi and MacroFunctionApi interfaces (yet more interfaces,
  alas, or we get a circular dependency) to express the type of inherit_attrs param
• Iterating over all native rules (for testing inheritance from them) is tricky: we
  need to look at builtins (since the ConfiguredRuleClassProvider may have stubs for
  java rules overridden by builtins). This is already correctly handled by
  bazel info build-language, so let's move the logic into a utility class.

RELNOTES: Add inherit_attrs param to macro() to allow symbolic macros to
inherit attributes from rules or other symbolic macros.
PiperOrigin-RevId: 694154352
Change-Id: I849a7f16b4da8eb2829cdbc6a131d85a28bc4740

Commit eec5305

[tetromino]

@Wyverald - could you please add this to the merge queue? @comius approved it for cherry-picking into 8.0