GitHub - avafinger/Ubuntu-18.04-LTS-Bionic-Beaver-on-H5: Ubuntu 18.04 LTS on H5 platform (Experiments with mainline kernel and ubuntu minimal)

Ubuntu 18.04 LTS Minimal Image

These are some experiments, evaluations and random thoughts with the mainline kernel on H5 boards. It's a Work In Progress (WIP), kernel 4.15 and up will be updated from time to time. The goal here is to test the mainline status to the chosen board sample and not the board features. Chose a dev board specific to your needs and a kernel version to work best with the chosen board.

The table below shows the first run and values gathered are not final, YET.

NanoPi K1 Plus Desktop OS Image with Mainline Kernel 4.18.5 is available at mega (8GB SD Card) (experimental)

https://mega.nz/#F!0WZACYyY!8WBEsKzzZaMk63aXHKtuOA

User: ubuntu
Pasw: ubuntu

Kernel update (4.18.6 + ZRAM)

  sudo dpkg -i linux-image-4.18.6-h5-desktop_1.0-1.deb	  
  sync
  sudo shutdown -h now
  then power cycle the board

Kernel and opp update (4.18.7 + ZRAM)

  sudo dpkg -i linux-image-4.18.7-h5-desktop_1.0-2.deb
  sync
  sudo shutdown -h now
  then power cycle the board

Kernel and opp update (4.18.8 + ZRAM)

  sudo dpkg -i linux-image-4.18.8-h5-desktop_1.0-2.deb
  sync
  sudo shutdown -h now
  then power cycle the board

Kernel update (4.19.0 + ZRAM)

  sudo dpkg -i linux-image-4.19.0-h5-desktop_1.0-3.deb
  sync
  sudo shutdown -h now
  then power cycle the board

Credits:

FE for the board and initial kernel (K1 Plus)
sunxi community (THS, HDMI, mali)
Armbian (tips, technical stuff)

Cpu-freq []

SBC Dev Board sample	K1 Plus	K1 Plus	K1 Plus	K1 Plus	K1 Plus	K1 Plus
kernel version	4.17.19 EOL	4.19.0	4.18.7	4.18.8	NA	NA
gcc version	7.3.1	7.3.1	7.3.1	7.3.1	NA	NA
display / Touch ID	hdmi / 1920x1080	hdmi / 1920x1080	hdmi / 1920x1080	hdmi / 1920x1080	NA	NA
graphical interface	X11 / Desktop	X11 / Desktop	X11 / Desktop	framebuffer	NA	NA
power regulator IC	SY8106	SY8106	SY8106	SY8106	SY8106	SY8106
idle Temp ºC / freq	25 ºC / ~720 Mhz	32 ºC / ~120 Mhz	35 ºC / ~720 Mhz	35 ºC / ~720 Mhz	NA	NA
full Temp ºC / freq	70 ºC / 1368 Mhz	70 ºC / 1368 Mhz (**)	75 ºC / 1368 Mhz(***)	75 ºC / 1368 Mhz(***)	NA	NA
RAM memory usage (avg)	289 Mbytes	289 Mbytes	289 Mbytes	289 Mbytes	NA	NA
Camera OV5640	30 FPS YUV (full HD)	(mainline driver **)	30 FPS YUV (full HD)	NA	NA	NA
Wifi	Ok	Ok	Ok	Ok	NA	NA
BT	none	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA
issues	none (2)	none (2)	none (2)(3)	none (2)(3)	none	none

(1) Not able to get cpu frequency (2) Light Desktop, no HW encoding/decoding, no mali, usable (3) new and improved opp for higher cpu speed / freq, thus higher temp (4) 4.19.0 with ov5640 mainline kernel (**)

[]

(*) Still not able to get /sys/class/thermal/thermal_zone0/temp due to missing THS. (Fixed)

(**) THS added to the kernel, CPU avg freq for the 4 cores = 110% , never gets 400% while compiling the full kernel on board. (Fixed) Can use 100% of all cores for the tests. (FIXED)

(***) The ambient temp varies along the test and is not a controlled ambient, so it is just for reference.

SBC Dev Board sample	NEO2	NEO2	NEO2	NEO2	NEO2	NEO2
kernel version	4.17.rc5	4.17.rc4	4.17.rc1	4.16.8	4.15.18	4.14.30
gcc version	7.3.0	7.2.1	7.2.1	7.2.1	7.3.0	7.2.1
display / Touch IC	2.8" TFT ILI9341	2.8" TFT ILI9341	2.8" TFT ILI9341	2.8" TFT ILI9341	2.8" TFT ILI9341	2.8" TFT ILI9341
graphical interface	framebuffer	framebuffer	framebuffer	framebuffer	framebuffer	framebuffer
power regulator IC	none in this revision	none in this revision	none in this revision	none in this revision	none in this revision	none in this revision
idle Temp ºC / freq	NA (*)	NA (*)	NA (*)	29 ºC / 480 Mhz	28 ºC / 480 Mhz	26 ºC / 480 Mhz (**)
full Temp ºC / freq	NA (*)	NA (*)	NA (*)	39 ºC / 1008 Mhz	39 ºC / 1008 Mhz	39 ºC / 1008 Mhz (***)
RAM memory usage (avg)	46 Mbytes	46 Mbytes	46 Mbytes	46 Mbytes	46 Mbytes	44 Mbytes
Wifi	none	none	none	none	none	none
BT	none	none	none	none	none	none
Gbps / Fast ethernet	ok / ok	ok / ok	ok / ok	ok / ok	ok / ok	ok / ok
issues	none	USB hid regression	none	none	none	none

(*) Could not get statistics and values from kernel (FIXED)

(**) idle temp is achieved with a simple login from console and ssh login waiting for at least 1 hr.

(***) full temp is achieved with a simple login from console and ssh login waiting for at least 1 hr and building a full kernel on board Full kernel build takes > 5 hrs on a slow SD CARD.

SBC Dev Board sample	NEO Plus2	NEO Plus2	NEO Plus2	NEO Plus2	NEO Plus2	NEO Plus2
kernel version	4.17.rc5	4.17.rc4	4.17.rc1	4.16.8	4.15.18	4.14.30
gcc version	7.3.0	7.2.1	7.2.1	7.2.1	7.3.0	7.2.1
display / Touch IC	2.8" ST7789S / ADS7846	2.8" ST7789S / ADS7846	2.8" ST7789S / ADS7846	2.8" ST7789S / ADS7846	2.8" ST7789S / ADS7846	2.8" ST7789S / ADS7846
graphical interface	framebuffer	framebuffer	framebuffer	framebuffer	framebuffer	X11 / Desktop
power regulator IC	gpio-fixed 1v1 / 1v3	gpio-fixed 1v1 / 1v3	gpio-fixed 1v1 / 1v3	gpio-fixed 1v1 / 1v3	gpio-fixed 1v1 / 1v3	gpio-fixed 1v1 / 1v3
idle Temp ºC / freq	WiP	WiP	WiP	WiP	WiP	27 ºC / 624 Mhz (**)
full Temp ºC / freq	WiP	WiP	WiP	WiP	WiP	55 ºC / 1200 Mhz (***)
RAM memory usage (avg)	WiP	WiP	WiP	WiP	WiP	46 Mbytes
Wifi	not tested	not tested	not tested	not tested	not tested	OK
BT	not tested	not tested	not tested	not tested	not tested	not tested
Gbps / Fast ethernet	ok / ok	ok / ok	ok / ok	ok / ok	ok / ok	ok / ok
issues	none	USB hid regression	none	none	none	none

Wifi enabled and in use

(**) idle temp is achieved with a simple login from console and ssh login waiting for at least 1 hr.

(***) full temp is achieved with a simple login from console and ssh login waiting for at least 1 hr and building a full kernel on board. Full kernel build takes > 5 hrs on a slow SD CARD.

Kernel:

Linux version 4.17.0-rc7-h5 (ubuntu@nanopi-k1-plus) (gcc version 7.3.0 (Ubuntu/Linaro 7.3.0-16ubuntu3)) #1 SMP Mon May 28 11:59:24 UTC 2018

Interfaces:

eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.254.100  netmask 255.255.0.0  broadcast 192.168.255.255
        inet6 fe80::1:fcff:fe05:2848  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        ether 02:01:fc:05:28:48  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 10332  bytes 807119 (807.1 KB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 10198  bytes 1235786 (1.2 MB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0
        device interrupt 26  

lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        inet6 ::1  prefixlen 128  scopeid 0x10<host>
        loop  txqueuelen 1000  (Local Loopback)
        RX packets 84  bytes 6280 (6.2 KB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 84  bytes 6280 (6.2 KB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

wlan0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.254.104  netmask 255.255.0.0  broadcast 192.168.255.255
        inet6 fe80::7ec7:9ff:fea5:4611  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        ether 7c:c7:09:a5:46:11  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 763  bytes 94077 (94.0 KB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 22  bytes 3216 (3.2 KB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

[]

SBC Dev Board sample	BPI H5	BPI H5	BPI H5	BPI H5	BPI H5	BPI H5
kernel version	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA
gcc version	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA
display / Touch ID	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA
graphical interface	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA
power regulator IC	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA
idle Temp ºC / freq	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA
full Temp ºC / freq	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA
RAM memory usage (avg)	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA
Wifi	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA
BT	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA

SBC Dev Board sample	BPI-Zero H5	BPI-Zero H5	BPI-Zero H5	BPI-Zero H5	BPI-Zero H5	BPI-Zero H5
kernel version	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA
gcc version	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA
display / Touch ID	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA
graphical interface	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA
power regulator IC	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA
idle Temp ºC / freq	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA
full Temp ºC / freq	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA
RAM memory usage (avg)	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA
Wifi	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA
BT	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA

K1 Plus is on the way, thanks to FriendlyElec.

Wiring 2.8" TFT display to the boards

Here is the wiring diagram: []

K1 Plus view []

LCD []

Building Ubuntu 18.04 LTS minimal image

1. Set up your chroot environment

We need the chroot tools to access the ARM64 Ubuntu Base rootfs from the X86_64 (HOST PC) and add some packages

2. Get the Ubuntu 18.04 LTS Base files

wget http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-base/bionic/daily/current/bionic-base-arm64.tar.gz

3. Find your SD CARD

Insert the SD CARD into USB card reader/writer and check:

dmesg|tail
[  181.158588] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdc] 30547968 512-byte logical blocks: (15.6 GB/14.6 GiB)
[  181.159831] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdc] Write Protect is off
[  181.159835] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdc] Mode Sense: 03 00 00 00
[  181.160836] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdc] No Caching mode page found
[  181.160841] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdc] Assuming drive cache: write through
[  181.167092]  sdc: sdc1 sdc2
[  181.170832] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdc] Attached SCSI removable disk
[  182.194865] EXT4-fs (sdc1): mounted filesystem with ordered data mode. Opts: (null)
[  182.202709] EXT4-fs (sdc2): mounted filesystem without journal. Opts: (null)

The SD CARD is in the format /dev/sdX where X is a letter (b,c,....), in our case is c (from above)

sd card is /dev/sdc

4. Format SD CARD with specific geometry

sudo ./format_sd.sh /dev/sdc

5. Prepare the SD CARD with Ubuntu 18.04 LTS Minimal Rootfs

Change the SDCARD=/dev/sdX (our sd card device) to your /dev/sdX (X is your device letter)

sudo su
export SDCARD=/dev/sdc
mkdir -p rootfs
mount $SDCARD"2" rootfs

6. Decompress the rootfs

tar -xvpzf ./bionic-base-arm64.tar.gz -C ./rootfs --numeric-ow
sync

7. Prepare the SD CARD to chroot

cp /usr/bin/qemu-aarch64-static ./rootfs/usr/bin/
cp /usr/bin/qemu-arm-static ./rootfs/usr/bin/
sync

8. Prepare chroot to add some needed packages

cp -fv /etc/resolv.conf ./etc/resolv.conf
cp -rvf ./etc/* ./rootfs/etc
sync

9. Update our SD CARD with the pre-built kernel

mkdir -p ./rootfs/lib/modules
sudo tar -xvpzf kernel.tar.gz -C ./rootfs/lib/modules --numeric-ow
sync
mkdir -p ./rootfs/lib/firmware
sudo tar -xvpzf firmware.tar.gz -C ./rootfs/lib/firmware --numeric-ow
sync

10. Chroot to SD CARD and add networking

chroot ./rootfs /bin/bash
apt-get install dialog kmod ifupdown net-tools apt-utils pkg-config sudo systemd udev iputils-ping init

This will be the minimum packages nd if you want a bit more like dev tools and console fonts, install ubutu-minimal

apt-get install ubuntu-minimal

if you want to login with ssh then install it

apt-get install ssh
sync
exit (*Exit from chroot*)

Now we need to be able to login as root without password, do in shell:

11. Edit with your preferred editor the file ./rootfs/etc/passwd

Change the line from

root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash

to

root::0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash

and save

11. Edit with your preferred editor the file ./rootfs/etc/shadow

Note: not sure this is really necessary!!

Change the line from

root:*:17392:0:99999:7:::

to

root::17392:0:99999:7:::

and save

12. Add the "ubuntu" user, or your own user - IF YOU WANT

addgroup --gid 1000 ubuntu
adduser --uid 1000 --gid 1000 ubuntu
usermod -a -G adm ubuntu
usermod -a -G cdrom ubuntu
usermod -a -G sudo ubuntu
usermod -a -G dip ubuntu
usermod -a -G plugdev ubuntu
usermod -a -G bluetooth ubuntu
usermod -aG sudo ubuntu
groupadd ubuntu
useradd -m -g adm -G root,sudo,users,audio,video,netdev,plugdev -s /bin/bash ubuntu
echo "ubuntu" >> passwd ubuntu

13. Unmount the partition

umount ./rootfs
sleep 1
rm -rf ./rootfs

13. Prepare the Boot

mkdir -p boot
mount $SDCARD"1" boot
sleep 1
sudo tar -xvpzf boot.tar.gz -C ./boot --numeric-ow
sync
sleep 1
umount ./boot
sleep 1
rm -rf ./boot

Prepare the booloader

sudo dd if=spl/sunxi-spl.bin of=/dev/sdc bs=1024 seek=8
sync
sudo dd if=u-boot.itb of=/dev/sdc bs=1024 seek=40
sync

Exit from su (root)

exit

14. We have now our Ubuntu 18.04 LTS Image on SD CARD

Just make sure the SD CARD is unmounted and remove it from the USB reader/writer

Screenshots

kernel 4.17.0-rc5 (framebuffer)

[]

X11 / Desktop

[]

To Do

To Conduct and document some of the experiments

Name		Name	Last commit message	Last commit date
Latest commit History 39 Commits
img		img
README.md		README.md
linux-image-4.18.6-h5-desktop_1.0-1.deb		linux-image-4.18.6-h5-desktop_1.0-1.deb
linux-image-4.18.7-h5-desktop_1.0-2.deb		linux-image-4.18.7-h5-desktop_1.0-2.deb
linux-image-4.18.8-h5-desktop_1.0-2.deb		linux-image-4.18.8-h5-desktop_1.0-2.deb
linux-image-4.19.0-h5-desktop_1.0-3.deb		linux-image-4.19.0-h5-desktop_1.0-3.deb

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