Make $defaults param in Model::hasXxx() methods required

README.md

@@ -675,7 +675,7 @@ $salary->where('emp_no', $employees);
 
 // join with another table for more data
 $salary
-    ->join('employees.emp_id', 'emp_id')
+    ->join('employees.emp_id')
     ->field('employees.first_name');
 
 // finally, fetch result

docs/advanced.md

@@ -143,12 +143,12 @@ protected function init(): void
 
     $this->getOwner()->addField('created_dts', ['type' => 'datetime', 'default' => new \DateTime()]);
 
-    $this->getOwner()->hasOne('created_by_user_id', 'User');
+    $this->getOwner()->hasOne('created_by_user_id', ['model' => [User::class]]);
     if (isset($this->getApp()->user) && $this->getApp()->user->isLoaded()) {
         $this->getOwner()->getField('created_by_user_id')->default = $this->getApp()->user->getId();
     }
 
-    $this->getOwner()->hasOne('updated_by_user_id', 'User');
+    $this->getOwner()->hasOne('updated_by_user_id', ['model' => [User::class]]);
 
     $this->getOwner()->addField('updated_dts', ['type' => 'datetime']);
 
@@ -457,8 +457,8 @@ class Model_InvoicePayment extends \Atk4\Data\Model
     {
         parent::init();
 
-        $this->hasOne('invoice_id', 'Model_Invoice');
-        $this->hasOne('payment_id', 'Model_Payment');
+        $this->hasOne('invoice_id', ['model' => [Model_Invoice::class]]);
+        $this->hasOne('payment_id', ['model' => [Model_Payment::class]]);
         $this->addField('amount_closed');
     }
 }
@@ -469,13 +469,13 @@ class Model_InvoicePayment extends \Atk4\Data\Model
 Next we need to define reference. Inside Model_Invoice add:
 
 ```
-$this->hasMany('InvoicePayment');
+$this->hasMany('InvoicePayment', ['model' => [Model_InvoicePayment::class]]);
 
 $this->hasMany('Payment', ['model' => function (self $m) {
     $p = new Model_Payment($m->getPersistence());
     $j = $p->join('invoice_payment.payment_id');
     $j->addField('amount_closed');
-    $j->hasOne('invoice_id', 'Model_Invoice');
+    $j->hasOne('invoice_id', ['model' => [Model_Invoice::class]]);
 }, 'theirField' => 'invoice_id']);
 
 $this->onHookShort(Model::HOOK_BEFORE_DELETE, function () {
@@ -506,7 +506,7 @@ that shows how much amount is closed and `amount_due`:
 
 ```
 // define field to see closed amount on invoice
-$this->hasMany('InvoicePayment')
+$this->hasMany('InvoicePayment', ['model' => [Model_InvoicePayment::class]])
     ->addField('total_payments', ['aggregate' => 'sum', 'field' => 'amount_closed']);
 $this->addExpression('amount_due', ['expr' => '[total] - coalesce([total_payments], 0)']);
 ```
@@ -574,7 +574,7 @@ class Model_Invoice extends \Atk4\Data\Model
 
         ...
 
-        $this->hasOne('category_id', 'Model_Category');
+        $this->hasOne('category_id', ['model' => [Model_Category::class]]);
 
         ...
     }
@@ -711,7 +711,7 @@ In theory Document's 'contact_id' can be any Contact, however when you create
 define Model_Document:
 
 ```
-$this->hasOne('client_id', 'Model_Contact');
+$this->hasOne('client_id', ['model' => [Model_Contact::class]]);
 ```
 
 One option here is to move 'Model_Contact' into model property, which will be
@@ -743,7 +743,7 @@ add 'payment_invoice_id' that points to 'Model_Payment'. However we want this
 field only to offer payments made by the same client. Inside Model_Invoice add:
 
 ```
-$this->hasOne('client_id', 'Client');
+$this->hasOne('client_id', ['model' => [Model_Client::class]]);
 
 $this->hasOne('payment_invoice_id', ['model' => function (self $m) {
     return $m->ref('client_id')->ref('Payment');
@@ -773,7 +773,7 @@ Agile Data allow you to define multiple references between same entities, but
 sometimes that can be quite useful. Consider adding this inside your Model_Contact:
 
 ```
-$this->hasMany('Invoice', 'Model_Invoice');
+$this->hasMany('Invoice', ['model' => [Model_Invoice::class]]);
 $this->hasMany('OverdueInvoice', ['model' => function (self $m) {
     return $m->ref('Invoice')->addCondition('due', '<', date('Y-m-d'))
 }]);

docs/joins.md

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ $user->addField('username');
 $jContact = $user->join('contact');
 $jContact->addField('address');
 $jContact->addField('county');
-$jContact->hasOne('Country');
+$jContact->hasOne('Country', ['model' => [Country::class]]);
 ```
 
 This code will load data from two tables simultaneously and if you do change any

docs/model.md

@@ -122,7 +122,8 @@ $model->addField('secret', ['neverPersist' => true]);
 $model->addField('old_field', ['actual' => 'new_field']);
 
 // or even into a different table
-$model->join('new_table')->addField('extra_field');
+$model->join('new_table')
+    ->addField('extra_field');
 ```
 
 Model also has a property `$table`, which indicate name of default table/collection/file to be

docs/persistence.md

@@ -298,7 +298,7 @@ protected function init(): void
     $this->getOwner()->hasOne(
         $f . '_currency_id',
         [
-            'model' => $this->currency_model ?? new Currency(),
+            'model' => [Currency::class],
             'system' => true,
         ]
     );
@@ -783,7 +783,7 @@ In conjunction with Model::refLink() you can produce expressions for creating
 sub-selects. The functionality is nicely wrapped inside HasMany::addField():
 
 ```
-$client->hasMany('Invoice')
+$client->hasMany('Invoice', ['model' => [Model_Invoice::class]])
     ->addField('total_gross', ['aggregate' => 'sum', 'field' => 'gross']);
 ```
 
@@ -798,7 +798,7 @@ This operation is actually consisting of 3 following operations:
 Here is a way how to intervene with the process:
 
 ```
-$client->hasMany('Invoice');
+$client->hasMany('Invoice', ['model' => [Model_Invoice::class]]);
 $client->addExpression('last_sale', ['expr' => function (Model $m) {
     return $m->refLink('Invoice')
         ->setOrder('date desc')

docs/persistence/sql/queries.md

@@ -541,34 +541,6 @@ $q->join('address.user_id'); // address.user_id = id
     // JOIN `address` ON `address`.`user_id`=`id`
 ```
 
-You can also pass array as a first argument, to join multiple tables:
-
-```
-$q->table('user u');
-$q->join(['a' => 'address', 'c' => 'credit_card', 'preferences']);
-```
-
-The above code will join 3 tables using the following query syntax:
-
-```sql
-join
-    address as a on a.id = u.address_id
-    credit_card as c on c.id = u.credit_card_id
-    preferences on preferences.id = u.preferences_id
-```
-
-However normally you would have `user_id` field defined in your supplementary
-tables so you need a different syntax:
-
-```
-$q->table('user u');
-$q->join([
-    'a' => 'address.user_id',
-    'c' => 'credit_card.user_id',
-    'preferences.user_id',
-]);
-```
-
 The second argument to join specifies which existing table/field is
 used in `on` condition:
 

docs/persistence/sql/quickstart.md

@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ $salary->where('emp_no', $employees);
 
 // join with another table for more data
 $salary
-    ->join('employees.emp_id', 'emp_id')
+    ->join('employees.emp_id')
     ->field('employees.first_name');
 
 // finally, fetch result

docs/quickstart.md

@@ -17,7 +17,8 @@ unions but only if the database server supports those operations.
 Developer would normally create a declaration like this:
 
 ```
-$user->hasMany('Order')->addField('total', ['aggregate' => 'sum']);
+$user->hasMany('Order', ['model' => [Order::class]])
+    ->addField('total', ['aggregate' => 'sum']);
 ```
 
 It is up to Agile Data to decide what's the most efficient way to implement
@@ -273,7 +274,7 @@ class Model_User extends Model
         $j->addField('address_1');
         $j->addField('address_2');
         $j->addField('address_3');
-        $j->hasOne('country_id', 'Country');
+        $j->hasOne('country_id', ['model' => [Model_Country::class]]);
     }
 }
 ```
@@ -441,7 +442,7 @@ As per our database design - one user can have multiple 'system' records:
 
 ```
 $m = new Model_User($db);
-$m->hasMany('System');
+$m->hasMany('System', ['model' => [Model_System::class]]);
 ```
 
 Next you can load a specific user and traverse into System model:

docs/references.md

@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ There are several ways how to link models with hasMany:
 ```
 $m->hasMany('Orders', ['model' => [Model_Order::class]]); // using seed
 
-$m->hasMany('Order', ['model' => function (Model $m, $r) { // using callback
+$m->hasMany('Order', ['model' => static function (Model $m, Reference $r, array $defaults) { // using callback
     return new Model_Order();
 }]);
 ```
@@ -154,10 +154,7 @@ available. Both models will relate through `currency.code = exchange.currency_co
 
 ```
 $c = new Model_Currency();
-$e = new Model_ExchangeRate();
-
-$c->hasMany('Exchanges', ['model' => $e, 'theirField' => 'currency_code', 'ourField' => 'code']);
-
+$c->hasMany('Exchanges', ['model' => [Model_ExchangeRate::class], 'theirField' => 'currency_code', 'ourField' => 'code']);
 $c->addCondition('is_convertible', true);
 $e = $c->ref('Exchanges');
 ```

docs/typecasting.md

@@ -99,8 +99,6 @@ Many databases will allow you to use different types for ID fields.
 In SQL the 'id' column will usually be "integer", but sometimes it can be of
 a different type.
 
-The same applies for references ($m->hasOne()).
-
 ### Supported types
 
 - 'string' - for storing short strings, such as name of a person. Normalize will trim the value.

src/Model/Join.php

@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ abstract class Join
      *
      * If you are using the following syntax:
      *
-     * $user->join('contact', 'default_contact_id')
+     * $user->join('contact.default_contact_id')
      *
      * Then the ID connecting tables is stored in foreign table and the order
      * of saving and delete needs to be reversed. In this case $reverse
@@ -371,7 +371,7 @@ public function leftJoin(string $foreignTable, array $defaults = []): self
      *
      * @return Reference\HasOne
      */
-    public function hasOne(string $link, array $defaults = [])
+    public function hasOne(string $link, array $defaults): Reference
     {
         $defaults['joinName'] = $this->getJoinNameFromShortName();
 
@@ -385,7 +385,7 @@ public function hasOne(string $link, array $defaults = [])
      *
      * @return Reference\HasMany
      */
-    public function hasMany(string $link, array $defaults = [])
+    public function hasMany(string $link, array $defaults): Reference
     {
         return $this->getOwner()->hasMany($link, $defaults);
     }
@@ -400,7 +400,7 @@ public function hasMany(string $link, array $defaults = [])
      *
      * @return Reference\ContainsOne
      *X/
-    public function containsOne(string $link, array $defaults = []) // : Reference
+    public function containsOne(string $link, array $defaults): Reference
     {
         $defaults['joinName'] = $this->getJoinNameFromShortName();
 
@@ -416,7 +416,7 @@ public function containsOne(string $link, array $defaults = []) // : Reference
      *
      * @return Reference\ContainsMany
      *X/
-    public function containsMany(string $link, array $defaults = []) // : Reference
+    public function containsMany(string $link, array $defaults): Reference
     {
         return $this->getOwner()->containsMany($link, $defaults);
     }

src/Model/ReferencesTrait.php

@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ trait ReferencesTrait
      * @param array<mixed>         $seed
      * @param array<string, mixed> $defaults
      */
-    protected function _addReference(array $seed, string $link, array $defaults = []): Reference
+    protected function _addReference(array $seed, string $link, array $defaults): Reference
     {
         $this->assertIsModel();
 
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ public function addReference(string $link, array $defaults): Reference
      *
      * @return Reference\HasOne|Reference\HasOneSql
      */
-    public function hasOne(string $link, array $defaults = []) // : Reference
+    public function hasOne(string $link, array $defaults): Reference
     {
         return $this->_addReference($this->_defaultSeedHasOne, $link, $defaults); // @phpstan-ignore-line
     }
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ public function hasOne(string $link, array $defaults = []) // : Reference
      *
      * @return Reference\HasMany
      */
-    public function hasMany(string $link, array $defaults = []) // : Reference
+    public function hasMany(string $link, array $defaults): Reference
     {
         return $this->_addReference($this->_defaultSeedHasMany, $link, $defaults); // @phpstan-ignore-line
     }
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ public function hasMany(string $link, array $defaults = []) // : Reference
      *
      * @return Reference\ContainsOne
      */
-    public function containsOne(string $link, array $defaults = []) // : Reference
+    public function containsOne(string $link, array $defaults): Reference
     {
         return $this->_addReference($this->_defaultSeedContainsOne, $link, $defaults); // @phpstan-ignore-line
     }
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ public function containsOne(string $link, array $defaults = []) // : Reference
      *
      * @return Reference\ContainsMany
      */
-    public function containsMany(string $link, array $defaults = []) // : Reference
+    public function containsMany(string $link, array $defaults): Reference
     {
         return $this->_addReference($this->_defaultSeedContainsMany, $link, $defaults); // @phpstan-ignore-line
     }

src/Persistence/Sql/Query.php

@@ -291,7 +291,8 @@ protected function _renderWith(): ?string
      *  $q->join('address.code', 'user.code', 'inner');
      *
      * You can use expression for more complex joins
-     *  $q->join('address',
+     *  $q->join(
+     *      'address',
      *      $q->orExpr()
      *          ->where('user.billing_id', 'address.id')
      *          ->where('user.technical_id', 'address.id')

src/Reference.php

@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@
 namespace Atk4\Data;
 
 use Atk4\Core\DiContainerTrait;
-use Atk4\Core\Factory;
 use Atk4\Core\InitializerTrait;
 use Atk4\Core\TrackableTrait;
 
@@ -263,16 +262,16 @@ protected function createTheirModelBeforeInit(array $defaults): Model
         }
 
         if (is_object($m)) {
-            $theirModel = Factory::factory(clone $m, $defaults);
+            $theirModelSeed = clone $m;
         } else {
-            $modelDefaults = $m;
-            $theirModelSeed = [$modelDefaults[0]];
-            unset($modelDefaults[0]);
-            $defaults = array_merge($modelDefaults, $defaults);
-
-            $theirModel = Factory::factory($theirModelSeed, $defaults);
+            \Closure::bind(static fn () => Model::_fromSeedPrecheck($m, false), null, Model::class)();
+            $theirModelSeed = [$m[0]];
+            unset($m[0]);
+            $defaults = array_merge($m, $defaults);
         }
 
+        $theirModel = Model::fromSeed($theirModelSeed, $defaults);
+
         return $theirModel;
     }
 

src/Reference/HasOneSql.php

@@ -28,8 +28,7 @@ private function _addField(string $fieldName, bool $theirFieldIsTitle, ?string $
                 return $theirModel->action('field', [$theirFieldName]);
             },
         ], $defaults, [
-            // allow to set our field value by an imported foreign field, but only when
-            // the our field value is null
+            // allow to set our field value by an imported foreign field, but only when the our field value is null
             'readOnly' => false,
         ]));
 
@@ -159,7 +158,8 @@ public function refLink(array $defaults = []): Model
     /**
      * Add a title of related entity as expression to our field.
      *
-     * $order->hasOne('user_id', 'User')->addTitle();
+     * $order->hasOne('user_id', ['model' => [User::class]])
+     *     ->addTitle();
      *
      * This will add expression 'user' equal to ref('user_id')['name'];
      *