Don't treat annotations as resolved in forward references (#5060)

## Summary

This behavior dates back to a Pyflakes commit (5fc37cbd), which was used
to allow this test to pass:

```py
from __future__ import annotations
T: object
def f(t: T): pass
def g(t: 'T'): pass
```

But, I think this is an error. Mypy and Pyright don't accept it -- you
can only use variables as type annotations if they're type aliases
(i.e., annotated with `TypeAlias`), in which case, there has to be an
assignment on the right-hand side (see: [PEP
613](https://peps.python.org/pep-0613/)).

crates/ruff/src/rules/pyflakes/mod.rs

@@ -3190,6 +3190,20 @@ mod tests {
             r#"
         T: object
         def g(t: 'T'): pass
+        "#,
+            &[Rule::UndefinedName],
+        );
+        flakes(
+            r#"
+        T = object
+        def f(t: T): pass
+        "#,
+            &[],
+        );
+        flakes(
+            r#"
+        T = object
+        def g(t: 'T'): pass
         "#,
             &[],
         );
@@ -3381,6 +3395,16 @@ mod tests {
         T: object
         def f(t: T): pass
         def g(t: 'T'): pass
+        "#,
+            &[Rule::UndefinedName, Rule::UndefinedName],
+        );
+
+        flakes(
+            r#"
+        from __future__ import annotations
+        T = object
+        def f(t: T): pass
+        def g(t: 'T'): pass
         "#,
             &[],
         );

crates/ruff_python_semantic/src/model.rs

@@ -177,20 +177,22 @@ impl<'a> SemanticModel<'a> {
         // should prefer it over local resolutions.
         if self.in_forward_reference() {
             if let Some(binding_id) = self.scopes.global().get(symbol) {
-                // Mark the binding as used.
-                let context = self.execution_context();
-                let reference_id = self.references.push(ScopeId::global(), range, context);
-                self.bindings[binding_id].references.push(reference_id);
-
-                // Mark any submodule aliases as used.
-                if let Some(binding_id) =
-                    self.resolve_submodule(symbol, ScopeId::global(), binding_id)
-                {
+                if !self.bindings[binding_id].kind.is_annotation() {
+                    // Mark the binding as used.
+                    let context = self.execution_context();
                     let reference_id = self.references.push(ScopeId::global(), range, context);
                     self.bindings[binding_id].references.push(reference_id);
-                }
 
-                return ResolvedRead::Resolved(binding_id);
+                    // Mark any submodule aliases as used.
+                    if let Some(binding_id) =
+                        self.resolve_submodule(symbol, ScopeId::global(), binding_id)
+                    {
+                        let reference_id = self.references.push(ScopeId::global(), range, context);
+                        self.bindings[binding_id].references.push(reference_id);
+                    }
+
+                    return ResolvedRead::Resolved(binding_id);
+                }
             }
         }
 
@@ -226,8 +228,7 @@ impl<'a> SemanticModel<'a> {
                     self.bindings[binding_id].references.push(reference_id);
                 }
 
-                // But if it's a type annotation, don't treat it as resolved, unless we're in a
-                // forward reference. For example, given:
+                // But if it's a type annotation, don't treat it as resolved. For example, given:
                 //
                 // ```python
                 // name: str
@@ -236,7 +237,7 @@ impl<'a> SemanticModel<'a> {
                 //
                 // The `name` in `print(name)` should be treated as unresolved, but the `name` in
                 // `name: str` should be treated as used.
-                if !self.in_forward_reference() && self.bindings[binding_id].kind.is_annotation() {
+                if self.bindings[binding_id].kind.is_annotation() {
                     continue;
                 }