[SPARK-41471][SQL] Reduce Spark shuffle when only one side of a join is KeyGroupedPartitioning

core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/Partitioner.scala

@@ -137,6 +137,21 @@ private[spark] class PartitionIdPassthrough(override val numPartitions: Int) ext
   override def getPartition(key: Any): Int = key.asInstanceOf[Int]
 }
 
+/**
+ * A [[org.apache.spark.Partitioner]] that partitions all records use partition value map.
+ * The valueMap is a map that contains tuples of (partition value, partition id). It generated
+ * by [[org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.plans.physical.KeyGroupedPartitioning]], used to partition
+ * another side to make sure records with same partition value are in same partition.
+ */
+private[spark] class KeyGroupedPartitioner(
+    valueMap: mutable.Map[Seq[Any], Int],
+    override val numPartitions: Int) extends Partitioner {
+  override def getPartition(key: Any): Int = {
+    val keys = key.asInstanceOf[Seq[Any]]
+    valueMap.getOrElseUpdate(keys, Utils.nonNegativeMod(keys.hashCode, numPartitions))
+  }
+}
+
 /**
  * A [[org.apache.spark.Partitioner]] that partitions all records into a single partition.
  */

sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/plans/physical/partitioning.scala

@@ -735,7 +735,13 @@ case class KeyGroupedShuffleSpec(
       case _ => false
     }
 
-  override def canCreatePartitioning: Boolean = false
+  override def canCreatePartitioning: Boolean = SQLConf.get.v2BucketingShuffleEnabled &&
+    // Only support partition expressions are AttributeReference for now
+    partitioning.expressions.forall(_.isInstanceOf[AttributeReference])
+
+  override def createPartitioning(clustering: Seq[Expression]): Partitioning = {
+    KeyGroupedPartitioning(clustering, partitioning.numPartitions, partitioning.partitionValues)
+  }
 }
 
 case class ShuffleSpecCollection(specs: Seq[ShuffleSpec]) extends ShuffleSpec {

sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/internal/SQLConf.scala

@@ -1500,6 +1500,16 @@ object SQLConf {
       .booleanConf
       .createWithDefault(false)
 
+ val V2_BUCKETING_SHUFFLE_ENABLED =
+    buildConf("spark.sql.sources.v2.bucketing.shuffle.enabled")
+      .doc("During a storage-partitioned join, whether to allow to shuffle only one side." +
+        "When only one side is KeyGroupedPartitioning, if the conditions are met, spark will " +
+        "only shuffle the other side. This optimization will reduce the amount of data that " +
+        s"needs to be shuffle. This config requires ${V2_BUCKETING_ENABLED.key} to be enabled")
+      .version("4.0.0")
+      .booleanConf
+      .createWithDefault(false)
+
   val BUCKETING_MAX_BUCKETS = buildConf("spark.sql.sources.bucketing.maxBuckets")
     .doc("The maximum number of buckets allowed.")
     .version("2.4.0")
@@ -4879,6 +4889,9 @@ class SQLConf extends Serializable with Logging with SqlApiConf {
   def v2BucketingPartiallyClusteredDistributionEnabled: Boolean =
     getConf(SQLConf.V2_BUCKETING_PARTIALLY_CLUSTERED_DISTRIBUTION_ENABLED)
 
+  def v2BucketingShuffleEnabled: Boolean =
+    getConf(SQLConf.V2_BUCKETING_SHUFFLE_ENABLED)
+
   def dataFrameSelfJoinAutoResolveAmbiguity: Boolean =
     getConf(DATAFRAME_SELF_JOIN_AUTO_RESOLVE_AMBIGUITY)
 

sql/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/datasources/v2/BatchScanExec.scala

@@ -182,7 +182,16 @@ case class BatchScanExec(
 
               // Now fill missing partition keys with empty partitions
               val partitionMapping = nestGroupedPartitions.toMap
-              finalPartitions = spjParams.commonPartitionValues.get.flatMap {
+
+              // SPARK-41471: We keep to order of partition keys in `commonPartitionValues` to
+              // make sure the order of partitions is deterministic in different case.
+              val partitionDataTypes = p.expressions.map(_.dataType)
+              val partitionOrdering: Ordering[(InternalRow, Int)] = {
+                RowOrdering.createNaturalAscendingOrdering(partitionDataTypes).on(_._1)
+              }
+              val sortedCommonPartitionValues = spjParams.commonPartitionValues.get
+                .sorted(partitionOrdering)
+              finalPartitions = sortedCommonPartitionValues.flatMap {
                 case (partValue, numSplits) =>
                   // Use empty partition for those partition values that are not present.
                   partitionMapping.getOrElse(

sql/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/exchange/ShuffleExchangeExec.scala

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ package org.apache.spark.sql.execution.exchange
 
 import java.util.function.Supplier
 
+import scala.collection.mutable
 import scala.concurrent.Future
 
 import org.apache.spark._
@@ -29,6 +30,7 @@ import org.apache.spark.shuffle.{ShuffleWriteMetricsReporter, ShuffleWriteProces
 import org.apache.spark.shuffle.sort.SortShuffleManager
 import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.InternalRow
 import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.expressions.{Attribute, BoundReference, UnsafeProjection, UnsafeRow}
+import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.expressions.BindReferences.bindReferences
 import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.expressions.codegen.LazilyGeneratedOrdering
 import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.plans.logical.Statistics
 import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.plans.physical._
@@ -299,6 +301,11 @@ object ShuffleExchangeExec {
           ascending = true,
           samplePointsPerPartitionHint = SQLConf.get.rangeExchangeSampleSizePerPartition)
       case SinglePartition => new ConstantPartitioner
+      case k @ KeyGroupedPartitioning(expressions, n, _) =>
+        val valueMap = k.uniquePartitionValues.zipWithIndex.map {
+          case (partition, index) => (partition.toSeq(expressions.map(_.dataType)), index)
+        }.toMap
+        new KeyGroupedPartitioner(mutable.Map(valueMap.toSeq: _*), n)
       case _ => throw new IllegalStateException(s"Exchange not implemented for $newPartitioning")
       // TODO: Handle BroadcastPartitioning.
     }
@@ -325,6 +332,8 @@ object ShuffleExchangeExec {
         val projection = UnsafeProjection.create(sortingExpressions.map(_.child), outputAttributes)
         row => projection(row)
       case SinglePartition => identity
+      case KeyGroupedPartitioning(expressions, _, _) =>
+        row => bindReferences(expressions, outputAttributes).map(_.eval(row))
       case _ => throw new IllegalStateException(s"Exchange not implemented for $newPartitioning")
     }
 

sql/core/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/connector/KeyGroupedPartitioningSuite.scala

@@ -1040,6 +1040,187 @@ class KeyGroupedPartitioningSuite extends DistributionAndOrderingSuiteBase {
     }
   }
 
+  test("SPARK-41471: shuffle one side: only one side reports partitioning") {
+    val items_partitions = Array(identity("id"))
+    createTable(items, items_schema, items_partitions)
+
+    sql(s"INSERT INTO testcat.ns.$items VALUES " +
+      "(1, 'aa', 40.0, cast('2020-01-01' as timestamp)), " +
+      "(3, 'bb', 10.0, cast('2020-01-01' as timestamp)), " +
+      "(4, 'cc', 15.5, cast('2020-02-01' as timestamp))")
+
+    createTable(purchases, purchases_schema, Array.empty)
+    sql(s"INSERT INTO testcat.ns.$purchases VALUES " +
+      "(1, 42.0, cast('2020-01-01' as timestamp)), " +
+      "(3, 19.5, cast('2020-02-01' as timestamp))")
+
+    Seq(true, false).foreach { shuffle =>
+      withSQLConf(SQLConf.V2_BUCKETING_SHUFFLE_ENABLED.key -> shuffle.toString) {
+        val df = sql("SELECT id, name, i.price as purchase_price, p.price as sale_price " +
+          s"FROM testcat.ns.$items i JOIN testcat.ns.$purchases p " +
+          "ON i.id = p.item_id ORDER BY id, purchase_price, sale_price")
+
+        val shuffles = collectShuffles(df.queryExecution.executedPlan)
+        if (shuffle) {
+          assert(shuffles.size == 1, "only shuffle one side not report partitioning")
+        } else {
+          assert(shuffles.size == 2, "should add two side shuffle when bucketing shuffle one side" +
+            " is not enabled")
+        }
+
+        checkAnswer(df, Seq(Row(1, "aa", 40.0, 42.0), Row(3, "bb", 10.0, 19.5)))
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  test("SPARK-41471: shuffle one side: shuffle side has more partition value") {
+    val items_partitions = Array(identity("id"))
+    createTable(items, items_schema, items_partitions)
+
+    sql(s"INSERT INTO testcat.ns.$items VALUES " +
+      "(1, 'aa', 40.0, cast('2020-01-01' as timestamp)), " +
+      "(3, 'bb', 10.0, cast('2020-01-01' as timestamp)), " +
+      "(4, 'cc', 15.5, cast('2020-02-01' as timestamp))")
+
+    createTable(purchases, purchases_schema, Array.empty)
+    sql(s"INSERT INTO testcat.ns.$purchases VALUES " +
+      "(1, 42.0, cast('2020-01-01' as timestamp)), " +
+      "(3, 19.5, cast('2020-02-01' as timestamp)), " +
+      "(5, 26.0, cast('2023-01-01' as timestamp)), " +
+      "(6, 50.0, cast('2023-02-01' as timestamp))")
+
+    Seq(true, false).foreach { shuffle =>
+      withSQLConf(SQLConf.V2_BUCKETING_SHUFFLE_ENABLED.key -> shuffle.toString) {
+        Seq("JOIN", "LEFT OUTER JOIN", "RIGHT OUTER JOIN", "FULL OUTER JOIN").foreach { joinType =>
+          val df = sql(s"SELECT id, name, i.price as purchase_price, p.price as sale_price " +
+            s"FROM testcat.ns.$items i $joinType testcat.ns.$purchases p " +
+            "ON i.id = p.item_id ORDER BY id, purchase_price, sale_price")
+
+          val shuffles = collectShuffles(df.queryExecution.executedPlan)
+          if (shuffle) {
+            assert(shuffles.size == 1, "only shuffle one side not report partitioning")
+          } else {
+            assert(shuffles.size == 2, "should add two side shuffle when bucketing shuffle one " +
+              "side is not enabled")
+          }
+          joinType match {
+            case "JOIN" =>
+              checkAnswer(df, Seq(Row(1, "aa", 40.0, 42.0), Row(3, "bb", 10.0, 19.5)))
+            case "LEFT OUTER JOIN" =>
+              checkAnswer(df, Seq(Row(1, "aa", 40.0, 42.0), Row(3, "bb", 10.0, 19.5),
+                Row(4, "cc", 15.5, null)))
+            case "RIGHT OUTER JOIN" =>
+              checkAnswer(df, Seq(Row(null, null, null, 26.0), Row(null, null, null, 50.0),
+                Row(1, "aa", 40.0, 42.0), Row(3, "bb", 10.0, 19.5)))
+            case "FULL OUTER JOIN" =>
+              checkAnswer(df, Seq(Row(null, null, null, 26.0), Row(null, null, null, 50.0),
+                Row(1, "aa", 40.0, 42.0), Row(3, "bb", 10.0, 19.5),
+                Row(4, "cc", 15.5, null)))
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  test("SPARK-41471: shuffle one side: only one side reports partitioning with two identity") {
+    val items_partitions = Array(identity("id"), identity("arrive_time"))
+    createTable(items, items_schema, items_partitions)
+
+    sql(s"INSERT INTO testcat.ns.$items VALUES " +
+      "(1, 'aa', 40.0, cast('2020-01-01' as timestamp)), " +
+      "(3, 'bb', 10.0, cast('2020-01-01' as timestamp)), " +
+      "(4, 'cc', 15.5, cast('2020-02-01' as timestamp))")
+
+    createTable(purchases, purchases_schema, Array.empty)
+    sql(s"INSERT INTO testcat.ns.$purchases VALUES " +
+      "(1, 42.0, cast('2020-01-01' as timestamp)), " +
+      "(3, 19.5, cast('2020-02-01' as timestamp))")
+
+    Seq(true, false).foreach { shuffle =>
+      withSQLConf(SQLConf.V2_BUCKETING_SHUFFLE_ENABLED.key -> shuffle.toString) {
+        val df = sql("SELECT id, name, i.price as purchase_price, p.price as sale_price " +
+          s"FROM testcat.ns.$items i JOIN testcat.ns.$purchases p " +
+          "ON i.id = p.item_id and i.arrive_time = p.time ORDER BY id, purchase_price, sale_price")
+
+        val shuffles = collectShuffles(df.queryExecution.executedPlan)
+        if (shuffle) {
+          assert(shuffles.size == 1, "only shuffle one side not report partitioning")
+        } else {
+          assert(shuffles.size == 2, "should add two side shuffle when bucketing shuffle one side" +
+            " is not enabled")
+        }
+
+        checkAnswer(df, Seq(Row(1, "aa", 40.0, 42.0)))
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  test("SPARK-41471: shuffle one side: partitioning with transform") {
+    val items_partitions = Array(years("arrive_time"))
+    createTable(items, items_schema, items_partitions)
+
+    sql(s"INSERT INTO testcat.ns.$items VALUES " +
+      "(1, 'aa', 40.0, cast('2020-01-01' as timestamp)), " +
+      "(3, 'bb', 10.0, cast('2020-01-01' as timestamp)), " +
+      "(4, 'cc', 15.5, cast('2021-02-01' as timestamp))")
+
+    createTable(purchases, purchases_schema, Array.empty)
+    sql(s"INSERT INTO testcat.ns.$purchases VALUES " +
+      "(1, 42.0, cast('2020-01-01' as timestamp)), " +
+      "(3, 19.5, cast('2021-02-01' as timestamp))")
+
+    Seq(true, false).foreach { shuffle =>
+      withSQLConf(SQLConf.V2_BUCKETING_SHUFFLE_ENABLED.key -> shuffle.toString) {
+        val df = sql("SELECT id, name, i.price as purchase_price, p.price as sale_price " +
+          s"FROM testcat.ns.$items i JOIN testcat.ns.$purchases p " +
+          "ON i.arrive_time = p.time ORDER BY id, purchase_price, sale_price")
+
+        val shuffles = collectShuffles(df.queryExecution.executedPlan)
+        if (shuffle) {
+          assert(shuffles.size == 2, "partitioning with transform not work now")
+        } else {
+          assert(shuffles.size == 2, "should add two side shuffle when bucketing shuffle one side" +
+            " is not enabled")
+        }
+
+        checkAnswer(df, Seq(
+          Row(1, "aa", 40.0, 42.0),
+          Row(3, "bb", 10.0, 42.0),
+          Row(4, "cc", 15.5, 19.5)))
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  test("SPARK-41471: shuffle one side: work with group partition split") {
+    val items_partitions = Array(identity("id"))
+    createTable(items, items_schema, items_partitions)
+
+    sql(s"INSERT INTO testcat.ns.$items VALUES " +
+      "(1, 'aa', 40.0, cast('2020-01-01' as timestamp)), " +
+      "(3, 'bb', 10.0, cast('2020-01-01' as timestamp)), " +
+      "(4, 'cc', 15.5, cast('2020-02-01' as timestamp))")
+
+    createTable(purchases, purchases_schema, Array.empty)
+    sql(s"INSERT INTO testcat.ns.$purchases VALUES " +
+      "(1, 42.0, cast('2020-01-01' as timestamp)), " +
+      "(3, 19.5, cast('2020-02-01' as timestamp)), " +
+      "(5, 26.0, cast('2023-01-01' as timestamp)), " +
+      "(6, 50.0, cast('2023-02-01' as timestamp))")
+
+    Seq(true, false).foreach { shuffle =>
+      withSQLConf(
+        SQLConf.V2_BUCKETING_SHUFFLE_ENABLED.key -> shuffle.toString,
+        SQLConf.V2_BUCKETING_PUSH_PART_VALUES_ENABLED.key -> "true",
+        SQLConf.V2_BUCKETING_PARTIALLY_CLUSTERED_DISTRIBUTION_ENABLED.key -> "true") {
+        val df = sql("SELECT id, name, i.price as purchase_price, p.price as sale_price " +
+          s"FROM testcat.ns.$items i JOIN testcat.ns.$purchases p " +
+          "ON i.id = p.item_id ORDER BY id, purchase_price, sale_price")
+
+        checkAnswer(df, Seq(Row(1, "aa", 40.0, 42.0), Row(3, "bb", 10.0, 19.5)))
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
   test("SPARK-44641: duplicated records when SPJ is not triggered") {
     val items_partitions = Array(bucket(8, "id"))
     createTable(items, items_schema, items_partitions)

sql/core/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/exchange/EnsureRequirementsSuite.scala

@@ -18,15 +18,17 @@
 package org.apache.spark.sql.execution.exchange
 
 import org.apache.spark.api.python.PythonEvalType
+import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.InternalRow
 import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.expressions._
 import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.expressions.aggregate.Sum
+import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.optimizer.BuildRight
 import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.plans.Inner
-import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.plans.physical._
+import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.plans.physical.{SinglePartition, _}
 import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.statsEstimation.StatsTestPlan
 import org.apache.spark.sql.connector.catalog.functions._
 import org.apache.spark.sql.execution.{DummySparkPlan, SortExec}
 import org.apache.spark.sql.execution.SparkPlan
-import org.apache.spark.sql.execution.joins.SortMergeJoinExec
+import org.apache.spark.sql.execution.joins.{ShuffledHashJoinExec, SortMergeJoinExec}
 import org.apache.spark.sql.execution.python.FlatMapCoGroupsInPandasExec
 import org.apache.spark.sql.execution.window.WindowExec
 import org.apache.spark.sql.internal.SQLConf
@@ -1109,6 +1111,32 @@ class EnsureRequirementsSuite extends SharedSparkSession {
     }
   }
 
+  test(s"SPARK-41471: shuffle right side when" +
+    s" spark.sql.sources.v2.bucketing.shuffle.enabled is true") {
+    withSQLConf(SQLConf.V2_BUCKETING_SHUFFLE_ENABLED.key -> "true") {
+
+      val a1 = AttributeReference("a1", IntegerType)()
+
+      val partitionValue = Seq(50, 51, 52).map(v => InternalRow.fromSeq(Seq(v)))
+      val plan1 = DummySparkPlan(outputPartitioning = KeyGroupedPartitioning(
+          identity(a1) :: Nil, 4, partitionValue))
+      val plan2 = DummySparkPlan(outputPartitioning = SinglePartition)
+
+      val smjExec = ShuffledHashJoinExec(
+        a1 :: Nil, a1 :: Nil, Inner, BuildRight, None, plan1, plan2)
+      EnsureRequirements.apply(smjExec) match {
+        case ShuffledHashJoinExec(_, _, _, _, _,
+        DummySparkPlan(_, _, left: KeyGroupedPartitioning, _, _),
+        ShuffleExchangeExec(KeyGroupedPartitioning(attrs, 4, pv),
+        DummySparkPlan(_, _, SinglePartition, _, _), _, _), _) =>
+          assert(left.expressions == a1 :: Nil)
+          assert(attrs == a1 :: Nil)
+          assert(partitionValue == pv)
+        case other => fail(other.toString)
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
   test("SPARK-42168: FlatMapCoGroupInPandas and Window function with differing key order") {
     val lKey = AttributeReference("key", IntegerType)()
     val lKey2 = AttributeReference("key2", IntegerType)()