[fix](nestedtype) support nested type for schema change reorder (#39392)

## Proposed changes
backport: #39210
Issue Number: close #xxx

<!--Describe your changes.-->

fe/fe-core/src/main/java/org/apache/doris/catalog/Column.java

@@ -648,6 +648,11 @@ public void checkSchemaChangeAllowed(Column other) throws DdlException {
             throw new DdlException("Dest column name is empty");
         }
 
+        // now nested type can only support change order
+        if (type.isComplexType() && !type.equals(other.type)) {
+            throw new DdlException("Can not change " + type + " to " + other);
+        }
+
         if (!ColumnType.isSchemaChangeAllowed(type, other.type)) {
             throw new DdlException("Can not change " + getDataType() + " to " + other.getDataType());
         }

fe/fe-core/src/main/java/org/apache/doris/catalog/ColumnType.java

@@ -156,9 +156,9 @@ public abstract class ColumnType {
         schemaChangeMatrix[PrimitiveType.DATETIMEV2.ordinal()][PrimitiveType.DATETIMEV2.ordinal()] = true;
 
         // Currently, we do not support schema change between complex types with subtypes.
-        schemaChangeMatrix[PrimitiveType.ARRAY.ordinal()][PrimitiveType.ARRAY.ordinal()] = false;
-        schemaChangeMatrix[PrimitiveType.STRUCT.ordinal()][PrimitiveType.STRUCT.ordinal()] = false;
-        schemaChangeMatrix[PrimitiveType.MAP.ordinal()][PrimitiveType.MAP.ordinal()] = false;
+        schemaChangeMatrix[PrimitiveType.ARRAY.ordinal()][PrimitiveType.ARRAY.ordinal()] = true;
+        schemaChangeMatrix[PrimitiveType.STRUCT.ordinal()][PrimitiveType.STRUCT.ordinal()] = true;
+        schemaChangeMatrix[PrimitiveType.MAP.ordinal()][PrimitiveType.MAP.ordinal()] = true;
     }
 
     static boolean isSchemaChangeAllowed(Type lhs, Type rhs) {

regression-test/data/datatype_p0/nested_types/ddl/create_nestedtypes_with_schemachange.out

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+-- This file is automatically generated. You should know what you did if you want to edit this
+-- !sql --
+col0	bigint	No	true	\N	
+col_array	array<text>	Yes	false	\N	NONE
+col2	int	No	false	\N	NONE
+col3	array<int>	Yes	false	\N	NONE
+col4	map<int,int>	Yes	false	\N	NONE
+col5	struct<f1:int>	Yes	false	\N	NONE
+
+-- !sql --
+col0	bigint	No	true	\N	
+col_map	map<char(32),text>	Yes	false	\N	NONE
+col2	int	No	false	\N	NONE
+col3	array<int>	Yes	false	\N	NONE
+col4	map<int,int>	Yes	false	\N	NONE
+col5	struct<f1:int>	Yes	false	\N	NONE
+
+-- !sql --
+col0	bigint	No	true	\N	
+col_struct	struct<f1:varchar(1)>	Yes	false	\N	NONE
+col2	int	No	false	\N	NONE
+col3	array<int>	Yes	false	\N	NONE
+col4	map<int,int>	Yes	false	\N	NONE
+col5	struct<f1:int>	Yes	false	\N	NONE
+
+-- !sql --
+col0	bigint	No	true	\N	
+col2	int	No	false	\N	NONE
+col3	array<int>	Yes	false	\N	NONE
+col4	map<int,int>	Yes	false	\N	NONE
+col5	struct<f1:int>	Yes	false	\N	NONE
+
+-- !sql --
+col0	bigint	No	true	\N	
+col2	int	No	false	\N	NONE
+col3	array<int>	Yes	false	\N	NONE
+col4	map<int,int>	Yes	false	\N	NONE
+col5	struct<f1:int>	Yes	false	\N	NONE
+
+-- !sql --
+col0	bigint	No	true	\N	
+col2	int	No	false	\N	NONE
+col3	array<int>	Yes	false	\N	NONE
+col4	map<int,int>	Yes	false	\N	NONE
+col5	struct<f1:int>	Yes	false	\N	NONE
+

regression-test/suites/datatype_p0/nested_types/ddl/create_nestedtypes_with_schemachange.groovy

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+// Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+// distributed with this work for additional information
+// regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+// specific language governing permissions and limitations
+// under the License.
+
+suite("create_nestedtypes_with_schemachange", "p0") {
+
+    def create_nested_table_and_schema_change = {testTablex, nested_type, column_name, error ->
+        // create basic type
+        sql "DROP TABLE IF EXISTS $testTablex"
+        sql """ CREATE TABLE $testTablex (
+                     col0 BIGINT NOT NULL,  col2 int NOT NULL, col3 array<int> NULL, col4 map<int, int> NULL, col5 struct<f1: int> NULL
+                )
+                /* mow */
+                UNIQUE KEY(col0) DISTRIBUTED BY HASH(col0) BUCKETS 4 PROPERTIES (
+                  "enable_unique_key_merge_on_write" = "true",
+                  "replication_num" = "1"
+                ); """
+        // alter table add nested type
+        if (error != '') {
+            // check nested type do not support other type
+            test {
+               sql "ALTER TABLE $testTablex MODIFY COLUMN $column_name $nested_type AFTER col0"
+               exception (error)
+            }
+        } else {
+            // check nested type can only support change order
+            sql "ALTER TABLE $testTablex ADD COLUMN $column_name $nested_type"
+            sql "ALTER TABLE $testTablex MODIFY COLUMN $column_name $nested_type AFTER col0"
+            waitForSchemaChangeDone {
+                sql """ SHOW ALTER TABLE COLUMN WHERE IndexName='$testTablex' ORDER BY createtime DESC LIMIT 1 """
+                time 600
+            }
+        }
+        // desc table
+        qt_sql "DESC $testTablex"
+    }
+
+    // array
+    create_nested_table_and_schema_change.call("test_array_schemachange", "ARRAY<STRING>", "col_array", '')
+    // map
+    create_nested_table_and_schema_change.call("test_map_schemachange", "MAP<char(32), string>", "col_map", '')
+    // struct
+    create_nested_table_and_schema_change.call("test_struct_schemachange", "STRUCT<f1: varchar(1)>", "col_struct", '')
+
+    // array with other type
+    create_nested_table_and_schema_change.call("test_array_schemachange_1", "ARRAY<STRING>", "col3", "errCode = 2");
+    // map with other type
+    create_nested_table_and_schema_change.call("test_map_schemachange_1", "MAP<char(32), string>", "col4", "errCode = 2");
+    // struct with other type
+    create_nested_table_and_schema_change.call("test_struct_schemachange_1", "STRUCT<f1: varchar(1)>", "col5", "errCode = 2");
+
+}